Spain External Debt: % of GDP
1995 - 2024 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data
Key information about Spain External Debt: % of GDP
- Spain External Debt accounted for 162.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 163.6 % in the previous year.
- Spain External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1995 to Dec 2024.
- The data reached an all-time high of 198.9 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 45.5 % in Dec 1995.
CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Banco de España provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6 and Nominal GDP in EUR based on ESA 2010.
Related information about Spain External Debt: % of GDP
- In the latest reports of Spain, Current Account recorded a surplus of 3.3 USD bn in Dec 2025.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 6.9 USD bn in Sep 2025.
- Spain Direct Investment Abroad fell by 9.7 USD bn in Dec 2025.
- Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 20.1 USD bn in Dec 2025.
- The country's External Debt reached 3,237,325.1 in Dec 2025.
- The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 494.0 USD bn in Sep 2025.
View Spain's External Debt: % of GDP from 1995 to 2024 in the chart:
What was Spain's External Debt: % of GDP in 2024?
Spain External Debt accounted for 162.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 163.6 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 162.9 2024 | 163.6 2023 | 45.5 1995 | 198.9 2020 | % | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (%) | 37.8 2025 | yearly | 1991 - 2025 |
| Algeria (%) | 1.1 2024 | yearly | 1970 - 2024 |
| Argentina (%) | 46.8 2025 | yearly | 1994 - 2025 |
| Armenia (%) | 64.8 2025 | yearly | 2000 - 2025 |
| Australia (%) | 107.6 2025 | yearly | 1988 - 2025 |
| Austria (%) | 154.5 2024 | yearly | 1997 - 2024 |
| Azerbaijan (%) | 14.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Dec 2021 |
| Bangladesh (%) | 11.4 2017 | yearly | 1997 - 2017 |
| Belarus (%) | 40.7 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2000 - Dec 2025 |
| Belgium (%) | 242.8 2025 | yearly | 2007 - 2025 |
| Bolivia (%) | 33.0 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 16.4 2025 | yearly | 1999 - 2025 |
| Botswana (%) | 7.8 2025 | yearly | 1995 - 2025 |
| Brazil (%) | 29.0 2025 | yearly | 1992 - 2025 |
| Bulgaria (%) | 50.5 2025 | yearly | 1999 - 2025 |
| Cambodia (%) | 45.4 2024 | yearly | 2010 - 2024 |
| Canada (%) | 147.8 2025 | yearly | 1990 - 2025 |
| Chile (%) | 77.6 2025 | yearly | 1971 - 2025 |
| China (%) | 11.9 2025 | yearly | 1985 - 2025 |
| Colombia (%) | 48.0 2024 | yearly | 1970 - 2024 |
| Croatia (%) | 74.3 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Cyprus (%) | 620.0 2025 | yearly | 2004 - 2025 |
| Czech Republic (%) | 66.4 2025 | yearly | 1995 - 2025 |
| Denmark (%) | 142.9 2025 | yearly | 2005 - 2025 |
| Ecuador (%) | 48.7 2025 | yearly | 1970 - 2025 |
| Egypt (%) | 44.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Jun 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Estonia (%) | 100.4 2025 | yearly | 1996 - 2025 |
| European Union (%) | 109.7 2024 | yearly | 2008 - 2024 |
| Finland (%) | 207.2 2025 | yearly | 1991 - 2025 |
| France (%) | 250.2 2024 | yearly | 2004 - 2024 |
| Georgia (%) | 70.3 2025 | yearly | 1999 - 2025 |
| Germany (%) | 151.3 2025 | yearly | 1999 - 2025 |
| Ghana (%) | 34.0 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Greece (%) | 237.7 2025 | yearly | 2003 - 2025 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | 481.9 2025 | yearly | 2001 - 2025 |
| Hungary (%) | 118.0 2025 | yearly | 2006 - 2025 |
| Iceland (%) | 75.3 2025 | yearly | 1989 - 2025 |
| India (%) | 19.1 2025 | yearly | 1970 - 2025 |
| Indonesia (%) | 29.9 2025 | yearly | 2003 - 2025 |
| Iran (%) | 0.8 2025 | yearly | 1994 - 2025 |
| Ireland (%) | 507.4 2025 | yearly | 2002 - 2025 |
| Israel (%) | 26.9 2025 | yearly | 1998 - 2025 |
| Italy (%) | 120.8 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Ivory Coast (%) | 34.4 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
| Japan (%) | 109.3 2025 | yearly | 2003 - 2025 |
| Jordan (%) | 74.1 2025 | yearly | 1970 - 2025 |
| Kazakhstan (%) | 59.5 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2025 |
| Kenya (%) | 31.2 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| South Korea (%) | 40.9 2025 | yearly | 1994 - 2025 |
| Kosovo (%) | 40.7 2024 | yearly | 2007 - 2024 |
| Kuwait (%) | 41.3 2024 | yearly | 2014 - 2024 |
| Kyrgyzstan (%) | 68.2 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Laos (%) | 68.7 2024 | yearly | 1996 - 2024 |
| Latvia (%) | 99.5 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Dec 2025 |
| Lebanon (%) | 17.4 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Lithuania (%) | 93.3 2025 | yearly | 1996 - 2025 |
| Luxembourg (%) | 3,937.1 2025 | yearly | 2002 - 2025 |
| North Macedonia (%) | 72.0 2025 | yearly | 2004 - 2025 |
| Malawi (%) | 60.1 2021 | yearly | 2006 - 2021 |
| Malaysia (%) | 68.9 2025 | yearly | 2009 - 2025 |
| Malta (%) | 784.3 2025 | yearly | 2004 - 2025 |
| Mauritius (%) | 1,142.1 2025 | yearly | 2009 - 2025 |
| Mexico (%) | 35.1 2025 | yearly | 2002 - 2025 |
| Moldova (%) | 56.7 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Mongolia (%) | 159.5 2025 | yearly | 1992 - 2025 |
| Montenegro (%) | 105.7 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| Morocco (%) | 50.8 2022 | yearly | 1970 - 2022 |
| Mozambique (%) | 49.2 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Myanmar (%) | 18.9 2023 | yearly | 2018 - 2023 |
| Nepal (%) | 17.3 2016 | yearly | 2001 - 2016 |
| Netherlands (%) | 345.3 2025 | yearly | 2003 - 2025 |
| New Zealand (%) | 98.2 2025 | yearly | 1993 - 2025 |
| Nigeria (%) | 11.9 2024 | yearly | 1985 - 2024 |
| Norway (%) | 156.0 2025 | yearly | 2003 - 2025 |
| Pakistan (%) | 33.4 2025 | yearly | 2000 - 2025 |
| Palestinian Territory (%) | 13.1 2024 | yearly | 2012 - 2024 |
| Panama (%) | 167.4 2021 | yearly | 2014 - 2021 |
| Paraguay (%) | 59.8 2025 | yearly | 2000 - 2025 |
| Peru (%) | 33.5 2025 | yearly | 1980 - 2025 |
| Philippines (%) | 30.3 2025 | yearly | 1990 - 2025 |
| Poland (%) | 50.3 2025 | yearly | 1995 - 2025 |
| Portugal (%) | 145.3 2025 | yearly | 1996 - 2025 |
| Qatar (%) | 106.1 2018 | yearly | 2000 - 2018 |
| Romania (%) | 57.5 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Russia (%) | 12.5 2025 | yearly | 1993 - 2025 |
| Serbia (%) | 60.5 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Singapore (%) | 402.2 2025 | yearly | 2003 - 2025 |
| Slovakia (%) | 100.8 2025 | yearly | 1995 - 2025 |
| Slovenia (%) | 88.9 2025 | yearly | 1995 - 2025 |
| South Africa (%) | 42.0 2024 | yearly | 1985 - 2024 |
| Spain (%) | 162.9 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Sri Lanka (%) | 75.0 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Sudan (%) | 202.2 2021 | yearly | 2001 - 2021 |
| Sweden (%) | 157.5 2025 | yearly | 1997 - 2025 |
| Switzerland (%) | 226.4 2025 | yearly | 1999 - 2025 |
| Taiwan, China (%) | 26.5 2025 | yearly | 1999 - 2025 |
| Tajikistan (%) | 37.7 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Thailand (%) | 35.4 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Dec 2025 |
| Tunisia (%) | 83.8 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Turkey (%) | 38.2 2024 | yearly | 1989 - 2024 |
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| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -2.4 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1995 - Dec 2025 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -24,319.243 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Dec 2025 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 395,586.695 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 22.9 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 1,993,036.4 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1990 - Dec 2025 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 100.7 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Dec 2025 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (EUR bn) | 907.039 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (EUR bn) | 1,899.352 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (EUR bn) | 865.656 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| General Govt Debt: Securities excl Shares: Long Term (EUR mn) | 1,440,619.777 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1994 - Dec 2025 |
| General Govt Debt: Loans: Short Term (EUR mn) | 7,485.709 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1994 - Dec 2025 |
| General Govt Debt: Loans: Long Term (EUR mn) | 169,530.217 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1994 - Dec 2025 |
| Public Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 100.700 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Dec 2025 |
| General Govt Debt: Securities excl Shares: Short Term (EUR mn) | 75,074.263 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1994 - Dec 2025 |
| General Govt Debt (EUR mn) | 1,698,224.580 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1994 - Dec 2025 |
| State Government Revenue: ytd (EUR mn) | 35,848.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2026 |
| State Government Budget Balance: ytd (EUR mn) | -13,145.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2026 |
| State Government Expenditure: ytd: Current (EUR mn) | 47,285.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2026 |
| State Government Revenue: ytd: Current: Taxes on Production: Products Tax: VAT (EUR mn) | 15,290.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2026 |
| State Government Expenditure: ytd: Capital (EUR mn) | 1,708.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2026 |
| State Government Expenditure: ytd (EUR mn) | 48,993.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2026 |
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 3.385 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | -3,794.0 Jan 2026 | monthly | Feb 1976 - Jan 2026 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 36,710.4 Jan 2026 | monthly | Feb 1976 - Jan 2026 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | -3.0 Jan 2026 | monthly | Feb 1977 - Jan 2026 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 3,641,071.563 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 13,790,056.105 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 5,248,398.853 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 40,517.7 Jan 2026 | monthly | Feb 1976 - Jan 2026 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | -8.5 Jan 2026 | monthly | Feb 1977 - Jan 2026 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 15,521,418.858 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 8,121,038.202 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 1,339.648 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1960 - Jan 2026 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 2,616.509 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1960 - Jan 2026 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 676.374 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1970 - Jan 2026 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 4,820.885 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1970 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Consumer Goods: Others: Durable: Automobiles (EUR th) | 2,428,904.895 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports (EUR th) | 28,926,974.520 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1962 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Intermediate Goods: Industrial Products: Minerals (EUR th) | 3,175,964.117 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Intermediate Goods: Industrial Products: Chemicals (EUR th) | 3,349,952.713 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Intermediate Goods: Industrial Products: Materials for Transportation P... (EUR th) | 1,762,467.409 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Consumer Goods: Food, Beverages and Tobacco (EUR th) | 4,980,069.608 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Europe: France (EUR th) | 4,477,204.511 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1960 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Europe: Germany (EUR th) | 3,070,488.493 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1960 - Jan 2026 |
| Exports: Europe: Italy (EUR th) | 2,482,709.290 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1960 - Jan 2026 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 2.7 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1962 - Jan 2026 |
| Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 46.7 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1989 - Sep 2025 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 39,441.477 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1962 - Jan 2026 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 1,642,411.548 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 1962 - Feb 2026 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 1,963,528.988 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 1962 - Feb 2026 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 5.6 Feb 2026 | monthly | Jan 1963 - Feb 2026 |
| Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 1.0 Mar 2026 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Mar 2026 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 67,496.3 Mar 2026 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Mar 2026 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 3.480 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1995 - Dec 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 1.7 Jan 2026 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Jan 2026 |
| Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 41,646.228 Mar 2026 | monthly | Dec 1956 - Mar 2026 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 1,674,615.017 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 5.1 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Sep 2025 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 0.0 May 2025 | monthly | Jan 1999 - May 2025 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | -100.0 May 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - May 2025 |
| Debt Service Ratio: Households (%) | 5.200 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Sep 2025 |
| Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) | 11.800 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Sep 2025 |
| Credit to Households (USD bn) | 837.954 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1980 - Sep 2025 |
| Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) | 2,337.397 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1970 - Sep 2025 |
| Household Debt (USD mn) | 907,978.6 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1989 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 2,684,096.440 Feb 2026 | monthly | Dec 1989 - Feb 2026 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | 6.65 Feb 2026 | monthly | Dec 1990 - Feb 2026 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 70.26 Dec 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2003 - Dec 2025 |
| Money Supply: Spain Contribution: M3 (EUR mn) | 1,758,843.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Sep 1997 - Feb 2026 |
| Money Supply: Spain Contribution: M2 (EUR mn) | 1,660,911.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Sep 1997 - Feb 2026 |
| Money Supply: Spain Contribution: M1 (EUR mn) | 1,389,284.000 Feb 2026 | monthly | Sep 1997 - Feb 2026 |
| Reserve Assets (EUR th) | 112,048,868.000 Mar 2026 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Mar 2026 |
| Reserve Assets: Foreign Exchange (EUR th) | 58,600,741.000 Mar 2026 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Mar 2026 |
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