Mongolia External Debt: % of GDP

1992 - 2024 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Mongolia External Debt: % of GDP

  • Mongolia External Debt accounted for 157.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 170.1 % in the previous year.
  • Mongolia External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1992 to Dec 2024.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 76.0 % in Dec 2024 and a record low of 13.5 % in Dec 2009.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The Bank of Mongolia provides External Debt in USD. The National Statistics Office of Mongolia provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Bank of Mongolia average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2010 is calculated from Nominal GDP based on SNA1993. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2000 is calculated from External Debt and Nominal GDP, both sourced from the World Bank.


Related information about Mongolia External Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports of Mongolia, Current Account recorded a surplus of 149.9 USD mn in Oct 2025.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 188.0 USD mn in Oct 2025.
  • Mongolia Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 0.8 USD mn in Oct 2025.
  • Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 611.7 USD mn in Sep 2025.
  • The country's External Debt reached 39,612.5 in Jun 2025.
  • The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 5.5 USD bn in Sep 2025.

View Mongolia's External Debt: % of GDP from 1992 to 2024 in the chart:

Mongolia External Debt: % of GDP

What was Mongolia's External Debt: % of GDP in 2024?

Mongolia External Debt accounted for 157.9 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 170.1 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
157.9 2024 170.1 2023 13.5 2009 76.0 2024 % yearly 1992 - 2024

External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 40.5 2024 yearly 1991 - 2024
Algeria (%) 1.1 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Argentina (%) 43.5 2024 yearly 1994 - 2024
Armenia (%) 62.9 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Australia (%) 112.8 2024 yearly 1988 - 2024
Austria (%) 154.5 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Azerbaijan (%) 14.9 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2001 - Dec 2021
Bangladesh (%) 11.4 2017 yearly 1997 - 2017
Belarus (%) 46.0 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2000 - Jun 2025
Belgium (%) 242.6 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Bolivia (%) 33.0 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 17.0 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Botswana (%) 7.8 2025 yearly 1995 - 2025
Brazil (%) 27.7 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Bulgaria (%) 47.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Cambodia (%) 45.4 2024 yearly 2010 - 2024
Canada (%) 146.4 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Chile (%) 74.2 2024 yearly 1971 - 2024
China (%) 12.9 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Colombia (%) 51.3 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Croatia (%) 74.3 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Cyprus (%) 698.3 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Czech Republic (%) 65.4 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Denmark (%) 142.2 2024 yearly 2005 - 2024
Ecuador (%) 47.8 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Egypt (%) 44.5 Mar 2025 quarterly Jun 1999 - Mar 2025
Estonia (%) 97.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
European Union (%) 109.7 2024 yearly 2008 - 2024
Finland (%) 203.5 2024 yearly 1991 - 2024
France (%) 250.2 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Georgia (%) 73.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Germany (%) 147.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Ghana (%) 34.4 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Greece (%) 243.2 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 467.1 2024 yearly 2001 - 2024
Hungary (%) 142.9 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Iceland (%) 71.9 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024
India (%) 19.1 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Indonesia (%) 30.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Iran (%) 0.8 2025 yearly 1994 - 2025
Ireland (%) 544.0 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Israel (%) 27.2 2024 yearly 1998 - 2024
Italy (%) 120.8 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Ivory Coast (%) 34.4 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Japan (%) 112.7 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Jordan (%) 80.3 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Kazakhstan (%) 59.2 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2002 - Jun 2025
Kenya (%) 31.2 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
South Korea (%) 35.9 2024 yearly 1994 - 2024
Kosovo (%) 40.7 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Kuwait (%) 41.5 2024 yearly 2014 - 2024
Kyrgyzstan (%) 70.8 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Laos (%) 68.7 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Latvia (%) 109.1 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2025
Lebanon (%) 17.4 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
Lithuania (%) 77.4 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Luxembourg (%) 4,148.6 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
North Macedonia (%) 79.2 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Malawi (%) 60.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Malaysia (%) 69.9 2024 yearly 2009 - 2024
Malta (%) 836.7 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Mauritius (%) 1,221.8 2024 yearly 2009 - 2024
Mexico (%) 32.2 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Moldova (%) 56.7 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Mongolia (%) 157.9 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Montenegro (%) 112.7 2023 yearly 2006 - 2023
Morocco (%) 50.8 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Mozambique (%) 49.2 2023 yearly 1985 - 2023
Myanmar (%) 18.9 2023 yearly 2018 - 2023
Nepal (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
Netherlands (%) 349.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
New Zealand (%) 94.7 2024 yearly 1993 - 2024
Nigeria (%) 18.6 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Norway (%) 155.3 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Pakistan (%) 33.1 2025 yearly 2000 - 2025
Palestinian Territory (%) 15.3 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
Panama (%) 169.8 2021 yearly 2014 - 2021
Paraguay (%) 58.8 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Peru (%) 36.7 2024 yearly 1980 - 2024
Philippines (%) 29.8 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Poland (%) 51.8 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Portugal (%) 144.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Qatar (%) 106.1 2018 yearly 2000 - 2018
Romania (%) 57.5 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Russia (%) 13.3 2024 yearly 1993 - 2024
Serbia (%) 60.5 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Singapore (%) 407.1 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Slovakia (%) 100.9 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Slovenia (%) 87.9 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
South Africa (%) 42.0 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Spain (%) 162.5 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Sri Lanka (%) 75.0 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Sudan (%) 202.2 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Sweden (%) 169.1 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Switzerland (%) 233.9 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Taiwan (%) 27.4 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Tajikistan (%) 37.7 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Thailand (%) 35.5 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2005 - Jun 2025
Tunisia (%) 83.8 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Turkey (%) 38.2 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024

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Mongolia Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -4.2 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2000 - Sep 2025
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -72.316 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Oct 2025
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 524.268 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Oct 2025
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 27.4 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 38.6 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2017 - Jun 2025
Forecast: Government Expenditure (MNT bn) 58,083.013 2030 yearly 1981 - 2030
Forecast: Government Net Debt (MNT bn) 98,835.528 2030 yearly 2006 - 2030
Forecast: Government Revenue (MNT bn) 53,758.183 2030 yearly 1981 - 2030
General Government Expenditure & NL: ytd: Expenditure: Capital (MNT mn) 7,924,167.600 Dec 2024 monthly Dec 1999 - Dec 2024
General Government Balance: ytd (MNT mn) -492,703.800 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Jan 2025
General Government Expenditure & NL: ytd: Net Lending (MNT mn) 6,007.785 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Jan 2025
General Government Revenue & Grants: ytd: Tax: Excises (MNT mn) 113,203.269 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Jan 2025
General Government Expenditure & NL: ytd: Expenditure: Current (MNT mn) 22,066,910.300 Dec 2024 monthly Dec 1999 - Dec 2024
General Government Revenue & Grants: ytd: Tax: Value Added Tax (MNT mn) 296,288.913 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Jan 2025
General Government Expenditure & NL: ytd: Expenditure (MNT mn) 2,154,886.548 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Jan 2025
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 1.185 2028 yearly 1981 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) 677.6 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Oct 2025
Total Exports (USD mn) 1,522.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Oct 2025
Total Exports Growth (%) 7.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1998 - Oct 2025
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 17,602.481 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 117.835 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 3,906.650 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Imports (USD mn) 844.8 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Oct 2025
Total Imports Growth (%) -14.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1998 - Oct 2025
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 194,649.356 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 151,307.381 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 6.893 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Oct 2025
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 20.683 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Oct 2025
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 1,250.033 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Oct 2025
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 380.269 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Oct 2025
Exports: Live Animals and Products of Animal Origin (USD th) 5,098.791 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Exports: Mineral Products (USD th) 838,352.397 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Exports: Base Metals and Articles Thereof (USD th) 5,374.900 Mar 2019 monthly Dec 1999 - Mar 2019
Exports: Textiles and Textile Articles (USD th) 13,101.987 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Exports: Asia: North Eastern: ow China (USD th) 863,547.687 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Exports: Europe: European Union: ow United Kingdom (USD th) 319.274 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Exports: America: USA (USD th) 486.100 Dec 2018 monthly Dec 1999 - Dec 2018
Imports: Mineral Products (USD th) 209,490.684 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Base Metals and Articles Thereof (USD th) 47,145.766 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Auto, Air and Water Transport Vehicles and Their Spare Parts (USD th) 142,993.417 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Machinery, Equipment, Electric Appliances, Recorders, TV Sets and Spare... (USD th) 146,491.254 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Food Products (USD th) 57,743.099 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: America: ow USA (USD th) 30,303.696 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Asia: North Eastern: ow Japan (USD th) 100,806.768 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Europe: Others: ow Russian Federation (USD th) 236,393.169 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Asia: North Eastern: ow China (USD th) 207,203.752 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Imports: Asia: North Eastern: ow Republic of Korea (USD th) 29,096.402 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 1999 - Feb 2025
Export Value Index (2015=100) 198.040 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Value Index (2015=100) 180.345 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Volume Index (2015=100) 147.693 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Export Volume Index (2015=100) 109.807 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 0.8 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 149.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 2.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 188.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 10.0 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 611.706 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 11.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) 41.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) 570.638 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1998 - Sep 2025
External Debt (USD mn) 39,612.5 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2025
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 157.9 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 2,815.4 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2025
External Debt: Short Term: % of GDP (%) 8.6 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) -4.117 2030 yearly 1991 - 2030
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) -45,651.362 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
BoP: Capital Account (USD mn) 9.043 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment: Asset (USD mn) 5.970 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
BoP: FA: OI: Asset (USD mn) 184.965 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
BoP: FA: Direct Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 188.011 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Oct 2025
Balance of Payments (BoP): Current Account (CA) (USD mn) -521.897 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: Financial Account (FA) (USD mn) 4.999 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: CA: Secondary Income (USD mn) -1.757 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: CA: Primary Income (USD mn) -197.620 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Direct Investment (USD mn) -78.933 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 24.330 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment (USD mn) -26.075 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Direct Investment: Asset (USD mn) 15.874 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Other Investment (OI) (USD mn) 107.590 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Financial Derivatives (USD mn) 2.416 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Financial Derivatives: Asset (USD mn) -0.065 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: Reserves: Assets (USD mn) -680.711 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: Net Errors & Omissions (USD mn) -159.513 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: Financial Derivatives: Liabilities (USD mn) -2.481 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: FA: OI: Liabilities (USD mn) -165.570 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: CA: Goods & Services: Goods (USD mn) -1.574 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
BoP: CA: Goods & Services: Services (USD mn) -320.947 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2009 - Jan 2025
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 5.3 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Oct 2025
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) 29.7 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2004 - Sep 2025
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) 642.373 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Oct 2025
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 3,066.500 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Oct 2025
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 12,563.189 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Oct 2025
M2 Growth (%) 7.0 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1997 - Oct 2025
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 13.0 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 2005 - Nov 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 4,841.5 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1992 - Sep 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 19.853 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 4.6 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Sep 2025
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 935.569 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1980 - Sep 2025
Total Deposits (USD mn) 8,200.173 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Oct 2025
Total Deposits Growth (%) 16.7 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Oct 2025
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 11,918.7 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1991 - Oct 2025
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 22.7 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1992 - Oct 2025
Household Debt (USD mn) 7,203.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2004 - Oct 2025
Total Loans (USD mn) 12,204.073 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Oct 2025
Total Loans Growth (%) 23.48 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1997 - Oct 2025
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 49.12 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2010 - Sep 2025
International Reserves: Gross (USD mn) 5,886.140 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 2006 - Nov 2025
Money Supply: M2: M1 (MNT mn) 10,832,174.537 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1990 - Jan 2025
Deposits (MNT tn) 26.500 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Jan 2025
Deposits: Individual (MNT tn) 22.300 Jan 2025 monthly May 2018 - Jan 2025
Deposits: Corporate (MNT tn) 4.200 Jan 2025 monthly May 2018 - Jan 2025
Loans: Outstanding Amounts: Non Performing Loans (MNT mn) 1,932,525.472 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1996 - Jan 2025

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