Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
1989 - 2023 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data
Key information about Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
- Turkey External Debt accounted for 45.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 51.1 % in the previous year.
- Turkey External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1989 to Dec 2023.
- The data reached an all-time high of 59.8 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 26.1 % in Dec 1990.
CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Treasury and Finance provides External Debt in USD. Turkish Statistical Institute provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 1998 is sourced directly from Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Treasury and Finance.
Related information about Turkey External Debt: % of GDP
- In the latest reports of Turkey, Current Account recorded a surplus of 407.0 USD mn in Jun 2024.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 842.0 USD mn in Jun 2024.
- Turkey Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 713.0 USD mn in May 2024.
- Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 9.0 USD bn in Jun 2024.
- The country's External Debt reached 506,822.6 in Mar 2024.
- The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 245.5 USD bn in Mar 2023.
View Turkey's External Debt: % of GDP from 1989 to 2023 in the chart:
What was Turkey's External Debt: % of GDP in 2023?
Turkey External Debt accounted for 45.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 51.1 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 45.2 2023 | 51.1 2022 | 26.1 1990 | 59.8 2020 | % | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (%) | 46.7 2023 | yearly | 1991 - 2023 |
| Algeria (%) | 1.3 2022 | yearly | 1970 - 2022 |
| Argentina (%) | 45.3 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Armenia (%) | 64.2 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Australia (%) | 110.0 2023 | yearly | 1988 - 2023 |
| Austria (%) | 135.1 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Azerbaijan (%) | 14.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Dec 2021 |
| Bangladesh (%) | 11.4 2017 | yearly | 1997 - 2017 |
| Belarus (%) | 51.1 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2000 - Mar 2024 |
| Belgium (%) | 236.8 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Bolivia (%) | 35.0 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 18.1 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Botswana (%) | 7.3 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Brazil (%) | 27.9 2023 | yearly | 1992 - 2023 |
| Bulgaria (%) | 48.3 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Cambodia (%) | 56.7 2022 | yearly | 2010 - 2022 |
| Canada (%) | 143.7 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Chile (%) | 71.7 2023 | yearly | 1971 - 2023 |
| China (%) | 13.7 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Colombia (%) | 53.7 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Croatia (%) | 73.5 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Cyprus (%) | 576.0 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Czech Republic (%) | 61.7 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Denmark (%) | 131.7 2023 | yearly | 2005 - 2023 |
| Ecuador (%) | 49.6 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Egypt (%) | 39.8 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Jun 1999 - Mar 2024 |
| Estonia (%) | 89.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| European Union (%) | 110.7 2023 | yearly | 2008 - 2023 |
| Finland (%) | 215.3 2023 | yearly | 1991 - 2023 |
| France (%) | 244.9 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Georgia (%) | 80.2 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Germany (%) | 145.9 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Ghana (%) | 39.0 2022 | yearly | 1999 - 2022 |
| Greece (%) | 250.9 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | 481.7 2023 | yearly | 2001 - 2023 |
| Hungary (%) | 128.8 2023 | yearly | 2006 - 2023 |
| Iceland (%) | 72.9 2023 | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
| India (%) | 18.9 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Indonesia (%) | 29.8 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Iran (%) | 0.3 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Ireland (%) | 556.6 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Israel (%) | 28.4 2023 | yearly | 1998 - 2023 |
| Italy (%) | 129.0 2022 | yearly | 2002 - 2022 |
| Ivory Coast (%) | 31.4 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
| Japan (%) | 107.4 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Jordan (%) | 80.7 2023 | yearly | 1970 - 2023 |
| Kazakhstan (%) | 60.4 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Mar 2024 |
| Kenya (%) | 35.0 2022 | yearly | 2006 - 2022 |
| South Korea (%) | 36.6 2023 | yearly | 1994 - 2023 |
| Kosovo (%) | 39.6 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Kuwait (%) | 39.4 2023 | yearly | 2014 - 2023 |
| Kyrgyzstan (%) | 72.3 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Laos (%) | 74.2 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Latvia (%) | 100.7 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Mar 2024 |
| Lebanon (%) | 21.2 2021 | yearly | 2007 - 2021 |
| Lithuania (%) | 70.9 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Luxembourg (%) | 4,321.4 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| North Macedonia (%) | 83.7 2022 | yearly | 2004 - 2022 |
| Malawi (%) | 60.1 2021 | yearly | 2006 - 2021 |
| Malaysia (%) | 68.2 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Malta (%) | 972.2 2023 | yearly | 2004 - 2023 |
| Mauritius (%) | 1,323.1 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Mexico (%) | 33.1 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Moldova (%) | 63.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Mongolia (%) | 170.1 2023 | yearly | 1992 - 2023 |
| Montenegro (%) | 141.5 2022 | yearly | 2006 - 2022 |
| Morocco (%) | 50.9 2022 | yearly | 1970 - 2022 |
| Mozambique (%) | 71.7 2020 | yearly | 1985 - 2020 |
| Myanmar (%) | 16.7 2020 | yearly | 2018 - 2020 |
| Nepal (%) | 17.3 2016 | yearly | 2001 - 2016 |
| Netherlands (%) | 373.8 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| New Zealand (%) | 88.0 2023 | yearly | 1993 - 2023 |
| Nigeria (%) | 11.9 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Norway (%) | 151.9 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Pakistan (%) | 37.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Palestinian Territory (%) | 12.2 2023 | yearly | 2012 - 2023 |
| Panama (%) | 167.4 2021 | yearly | 2014 - 2021 |
| Paraguay (%) | 55.7 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Peru (%) | 39.3 2023 | yearly | 1980 - 2023 |
| Philippines (%) | 28.7 2023 | yearly | 1990 - 2023 |
| Poland (%) | 49.5 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Portugal (%) | 150.4 2023 | yearly | 1996 - 2023 |
| Qatar (%) | 106.1 2018 | yearly | 2000 - 2018 |
| Romania (%) | 51.9 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Russia (%) | 15.7 2023 | yearly | 1993 - 2023 |
| Serbia (%) | 65.3 2023 | yearly | 2000 - 2023 |
| Singapore (%) | 391.1 2023 | yearly | 2003 - 2023 |
| Slovakia (%) | 96.1 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Slovenia (%) | 91.7 2023 | yearly | 2001 - 2023 |
| South Africa (%) | 41.5 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Spain (%) | 163.6 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Sri Lanka (%) | 75.0 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Sudan (%) | 202.2 2021 | yearly | 2001 - 2021 |
| Sweden (%) | 168.5 2023 | yearly | 1997 - 2023 |
| Switzerland (%) | 236.4 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Taiwan (%) | 27.3 2023 | yearly | 1999 - 2023 |
| Tajikistan (%) | 37.7 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Thailand (%) | 37.1 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Mar 2024 |
| Tunisia (%) | 89.7 2023 | yearly | 2002 - 2023 |
| Turkey (%) | 45.2 2023 | yearly | 1989 - 2023 |
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| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -4.6 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Jun 2024 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -5,077.405 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 17,168.546 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 18.8 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Mar 2006 - Jun 2024 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 254,513.1 2022 | yearly | 2001 - 2022 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 28.5 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Mar 2024 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (TRY bn) | 41,984.044 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (TRY bn) | 60,762.080 2028 | yearly | 2000 - 2028 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (TRY bn) | 37,733.782 2029 | yearly | 2000 - 2029 |
| General Budget: Revenue (TRY mn) | 732,569.490 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: Expenditure (TRY mn) | 932,187.010 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: Cash Balance (TRY mn) | -194,617.530 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue (TRY th) | 5,130,599,988.193 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Expenditure (EX) (TRY th) | 6,131,693,836.811 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue: Tax (TRY th) | 4,401,814,635.075 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: EX: Primary: Capital Expenditure (TRY th) | 276,576,454.364 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Balance (TRY th) | -1,001,093,848.618 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: Revenue: Tax: Direct (TRY th) | 1,444,500,658.563 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| General Budget: ytd: EX: Primary: Current Transfers (CT) (TRY th) | 2,640,391,293.373 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Aug 2024 |
| Central Government Debt: External (TRY mn) | 538,505.357 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Mar 2019 |
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 7.230 2028 | yearly | 1980 - 2028 |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | -8,483.7 Apr 2023 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Apr 2023 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 14,265.9 Dec 2019 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2019 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | 0.9 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2014 - May 2023 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 3,833,134.665 2023 | yearly | 1995 - 2023 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 1,290,644.710 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 651,764.672 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 17,684.5 Dec 2019 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2019 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | 6.5 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2014 - May 2023 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 2,306,593.258 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 2,692,489.997 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 1,441.077 Jul 2024 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 1,399.736 Jul 2024 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 337.216 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 4,154.707 Jul 2024 | monthly | Sep 1992 - Jul 2024 |
| Trade Balance: USD (USD mn) | -2,136.727 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 1969 - Mar 2019 |
| Natural Gas: Annual: Production (Cub m mn) | 851.970 2023 | yearly | 1976 - 2023 |
| Export Value Index (2015=100) | 149.169 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Import Value Index (2015=100) | 127.060 2021 | yearly | 1980 - 2021 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 1.7 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jul 2024 |
| Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 11.0 Mar 2024 | quarterly | Dec 2014 - Mar 2024 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 7,373.436 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Jul 2024 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 169,081.278 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 1963 - Jul 2024 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 477,134.544 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 1976 - Jul 2024 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 37.0 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 1977 - Jul 2024 |
| Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 8.0 Aug 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Aug 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 81,738.0 Aug 2024 | monthly | Apr 2000 - Aug 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 6.544 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Jun 2000 - Jun 2024 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 3.0 Aug 2024 | monthly | Apr 2000 - Aug 2024 |
| Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 57,153.000 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 1956 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 512,421.248 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 36.0 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2003 - Jul 2024 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 550,532.9 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Jul 2024 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 36.6 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Jul 2024 |
| Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) | 31.400 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2023 |
| Credit to Households (USD bn) | 96.972 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1986 - Dec 2023 |
| Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) | 523.532 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1986 - Dec 2023 |
| Household Debt (USD mn) | 96,815.3 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 350,090.897 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Jul 2024 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | 37.67 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Jul 2024 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 30.57 Jun 2024 | quarterly | Dec 1998 - Jun 2024 |
| Money Supply: M3 (TRY th) | 16,968,202,420.000 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2005 - Jul 2024 |
| Consumer Loans: Banking Sector (BS): Loan (TRY mn) | 1,760,278.365 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Jul 2024 |
| Consumer Loans: BS: Loan: Housing (TRY mn) | 450,577.938 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Jul 2024 |
| Consumer Loans: BS: Non Performing (TRY mn) | 42,491.202 Jul 2024 | monthly | Dec 2002 - Jul 2024 |
| Asset Quality: Banking Sector: NPL to Total Loan (%) | 1.681 Jul 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jul 2024 |
| Business and Economic Survey | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Business Confidence Growth (% Point) | -5.9 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Sep 2024 |
| Composite Leading Indicator Index: Trend Restored (NA) | 394.200 Aug 2024 | monthly | Dec 1987 - Aug 2024 |
| Real Sector Confidence Index: CANE 2: Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 99.200 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Sep 2024 |
| Construction Confidence Index (CCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 87.803 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Sep 2024 |
| Services Sector Confidence Index (SCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 112.563 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Sep 2024 |
| Retail Trade Confidence Index (RCI): Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (Point) | 110.600 Sep 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Sep 2024 |
More Indicators for Turkey
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Balance of Payments
Balance of Payments: Current Account
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Analytical Presentation: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Detailed Presentation: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: OECD Member: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: Quarterly
BPM6: International Investment Position
Businesses Registered Statistics
Current Account Balance: Forecast
External Debt: Amortization
External Debt: Commitments and Currency Composition
External Debt: Disbursements and Interest Payment
External Debt Outstanding: Annual
External Debt Outstanding: by Currency Composition
External Debt Outstanding: Central Bank
External Debt Outstanding: Private Sector
External Debt Position
External Debt Stock
Financing From International Monetary Fund
Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: by Country
Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: by Industry
Gross Domestic Product: by Expenditure: Seasonally Adjusted: Quarterly
Investment Abroad: Direct: Flow: by Country
Investment Abroad: Direct: Stock: by Country
Investment Abroad: Equities
Investment Incentive Certificates: by Industry
Investment Statistics
Balance of Payments: Capital and Financial Account
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Analytical Presentation
BPM6: Balance of Payments: Detailed Presentation
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: Annual
BPM6: Balance of Payments: USD: OECD Member: Quarterly
BPM6: External Debt Outstanding: by Lender
BPM6: International Investment Position: Annual
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Established and Liquidated Companies
External Debt: Arrears and Reschedulings
External Debt: Debt Outstanding, Debt Ratio and Debt Service
External Debt: Net Flows and Net Transfers
External Debt Outstanding: by Borrower
External Debt Outstanding: by Lender
External Debt Outstanding: Central Government
External Debt Outstanding: Public Sector
External Debt Service: Principal and Interest Payments
External Debt: Terms and Undisbursed Debt
Foreign Direct Investment: by Number of Companies
Foreign Direct Investment: Flow: by Country: Annual
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Investment Abroad: Direct: Flow: by Industry
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Investment Incentive Certificates: by Type
Treasury Guaranteed External Debt Stock