Netherlands External Debt: % of GDP

2003 - 2024 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Netherlands External Debt: % of GDP

  • Netherlands External Debt accounted for 349.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 370.9 % in the previous year.
  • Netherlands External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2003 to Dec 2024.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 585.1 % in Dec 2015 and a record low of 349.4 % in Dec 2024.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. De Nederlandsche Bank N.V. provides External Debt in EUR. Statistics Netherlands provides Nominal GDP in EUR. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2008 is calculated from annual External Debt based on old methodology.


Related information about Netherlands External Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports of Netherlands, Current Account recorded a surplus of 15.0 USD bn in Jun 2025.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 10.9 USD bn in Jun 2025.
  • Netherlands Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 3.6 USD bn in Jun 2025.
  • Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 31.0 USD bn in Jun 2025.
  • The country's External Debt reached 4,773,017.5 in Jun 2025.
  • The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 346.5 USD bn in Sep 2025.

View Netherlands's External Debt: % of GDP from 2003 to 2024 in the chart:

Netherlands External Debt: % of GDP

What was Netherlands's External Debt: % of GDP in 2024?

Netherlands External Debt accounted for 349.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 370.9 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
349.4 2024 370.9 2023 349.4 2024 585.1 2015 % yearly 2003 - 2024

External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 40.5 2024 yearly 1991 - 2024
Algeria (%) 1.1 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Argentina (%) 43.5 2024 yearly 1994 - 2024
Armenia (%) 62.9 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Australia (%) 113.4 2024 yearly 1988 - 2024
Austria (%) 154.5 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Azerbaijan (%) 14.9 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2001 - Dec 2021
Bangladesh (%) 11.4 2017 yearly 1997 - 2017
Belarus (%) 46.0 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2000 - Jun 2025
Belgium (%) 242.6 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Bolivia (%) 33.0 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 17.0 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Botswana (%) 7.8 2025 yearly 1995 - 2025
Brazil (%) 27.7 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Bulgaria (%) 47.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Cambodia (%) 45.4 2024 yearly 2010 - 2024
Canada (%) 146.4 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Chile (%) 74.2 2024 yearly 1971 - 2024
China (%) 12.9 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Colombia (%) 51.3 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Croatia (%) 74.3 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Cyprus (%) 698.3 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Czech Republic (%) 65.4 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Denmark (%) 142.2 2024 yearly 2005 - 2024
Ecuador (%) 47.8 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Egypt (%) 44.5 Mar 2025 quarterly Jun 1999 - Mar 2025
Estonia (%) 97.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
European Union (%) 109.7 2024 yearly 2008 - 2024
Finland (%) 203.5 2024 yearly 1991 - 2024
France (%) 250.2 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Georgia (%) 73.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Germany (%) 147.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Ghana (%) 34.4 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Greece (%) 243.2 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 467.1 2024 yearly 2001 - 2024
Hungary (%) 142.9 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Iceland (%) 71.9 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024
India (%) 19.1 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Indonesia (%) 30.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Iran (%) 0.8 2025 yearly 1994 - 2025
Ireland (%) 544.0 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Israel (%) 27.2 2024 yearly 1998 - 2024
Italy (%) 120.8 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Ivory Coast (%) 34.4 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Japan (%) 112.7 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Jordan (%) 80.3 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Kazakhstan (%) 59.2 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2002 - Jun 2025
Kenya (%) 31.2 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
South Korea (%) 35.9 2024 yearly 1994 - 2024
Kosovo (%) 40.7 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Kuwait (%) 41.5 2024 yearly 2014 - 2024
Kyrgyzstan (%) 70.8 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Laos (%) 68.7 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Latvia (%) 109.1 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2025
Lebanon (%) 17.4 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
Lithuania (%) 77.4 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Luxembourg (%) 4,148.6 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
North Macedonia (%) 79.2 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Malawi (%) 60.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Malaysia (%) 69.9 2024 yearly 2009 - 2024
Malta (%) 836.7 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Mauritius (%) 1,221.8 2024 yearly 2009 - 2024
Mexico (%) 32.2 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Moldova (%) 56.7 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Mongolia (%) 157.9 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Montenegro (%) 112.7 2023 yearly 2006 - 2023
Morocco (%) 50.8 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Mozambique (%) 49.2 2023 yearly 1985 - 2023
Myanmar (%) 18.9 2023 yearly 2018 - 2023
Nepal (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
Netherlands (%) 349.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
New Zealand (%) 94.7 2024 yearly 1993 - 2024
Nigeria (%) 18.6 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Norway (%) 155.3 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Pakistan (%) 33.1 2025 yearly 2000 - 2025
Palestinian Territory (%) 15.3 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
Panama (%) 169.8 2021 yearly 2014 - 2021
Paraguay (%) 58.8 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Peru (%) 36.7 2024 yearly 1980 - 2024
Philippines (%) 29.8 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Poland (%) 51.8 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Portugal (%) 144.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Qatar (%) 106.1 2018 yearly 2000 - 2018
Romania (%) 57.5 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Russia (%) 13.3 2024 yearly 1993 - 2024
Serbia (%) 60.5 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Singapore (%) 407.1 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Slovakia (%) 100.9 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Slovenia (%) 87.9 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
South Africa (%) 42.0 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Spain (%) 162.5 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Sri Lanka (%) 75.0 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Sudan (%) 202.2 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Sweden (%) 169.1 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Switzerland (%) 233.9 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Taiwan (%) 27.4 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Tajikistan (%) 37.7 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Thailand (%) 35.5 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2005 - Jun 2025
Tunisia (%) 83.8 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Turkey (%) 38.2 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024

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Netherlands Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -1.4 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2025
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -8,346.627 Dec 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2024
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 87,807.719 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2025
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 25.9 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2025
National Government Debt (USD mn) 578,730.9 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2025
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 42.7 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2025
Forecast: Government Expenditure (EUR bn) 651.975 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Forecast: Government Net Debt (EUR bn) 672.841 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Forecast: Government Revenue (EUR bn) 615.322 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Government: Expenditures (EUR mn) 124,200.000 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2024
Government: Balance (EUR mn) 4,919.000 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2024
Government: Revenues (EUR mn) 129,119.000 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2024
Government: Revenue: Tax (EUR mn) 76,539.000 Jun 2024 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2024
Gross General Government Debt: ESA 2010: Nominal: Abroad (EUR mn) 192,772.000 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2024
Gross General Government Debt: ESA 2010: Nominal: Domestic (EUR mn) 282,433.000 Jun 2024 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2024
Gross Central Govt Debt: Short Term (EUR mn) 23,552.985 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 2008 - Jan 2025
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 3.100 2030 yearly 1981 - 2030
Trade Balance (USD mn) 14,238.2 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Sep 2025
Total Exports (USD mn) 79,325.1 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Sep 2025
Total Exports Growth (%) 2.1 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Sep 2025
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 6,809,296.983 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 28,021,795.424 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 28,799,609.335 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Imports (USD mn) 65,086.9 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Sep 2025
Total Imports Growth (%) 1.4 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Sep 2025
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 20,171,231.711 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 28,143,289.059 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 4,000.745 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1960 - Aug 2025
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 6,913.659 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Aug 2025
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 2,374.823 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Aug 2025
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 4,830.011 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Aug 2025
Exports: Mineral Fuels and Lubricants (MF) (EUR mn) 7,228.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Exports: Machinery and Transports Equipment (MT) (EUR mn) 13,624.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Exports (EUR mn) 67,429.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Exports: Food and Live Animals (FA) (EUR mn) 8,191.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Exports: Crude Materials and Inedible excl Fuels (CM) (EUR mn) 2,414.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Exports: Chemicals and Related Products n.e.s (CR) (EUR mn) 9,713.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Imports: Machinery and Transports Equipment (MT) (EUR mn) 12,574.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Imports: Crude Materials and Inedible excl Fuels (CM) (EUR mn) 1,291.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Imports (EUR mn) 56,348.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Imports: Mineral Fuels and Lubricants (MF) (EUR mn) 7,340.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Imports: Chemicals and Related Products n.e.s (CR) (EUR mn) 6,276.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Imports: Food and Live Animals (FA) (EUR mn) 5,263.000 Jan 2025 monthly Jan 1996 - Jan 2025
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 3,613.4 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Jun 2025
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 15,020.9 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1967 - Jun 2025
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 4.4 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1987 - Jun 2025
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) -10,924.2 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Jun 2025
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) -3.2 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Jun 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 30,999.369 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Jun 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 9.1 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1987 - Jun 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) 6,805.1 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1967 - Jun 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) 24,174.952 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1967 - Jun 2025
External Debt (USD mn) 4,773,017.5 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Jun 2025
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 349.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 1,973,076.9 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 2003 - Jun 2025
External Debt: Short Term: % of GDP (%) 142.8 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Total Debt: % of GDP (%) 949.7 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2025
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) 165.171 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 699,745.199 Dec 2024 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2024
BoP: Capital Account (EUR mn) -463.700 Dec 2018 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2018
BoP: Capital Account: Credits (EUR mn) 205.100 Dec 2018 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2018
BoP: Financial Account: Reserve Assets (EUR mn) 295.300 Dec 2018 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2018
BoP: Financial Account: Other Investment: Assets (EUR mn) 69,275.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Financial Derivatives & Employee Stock Options (EUR mn) -8,954.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment: Liabilities (EUR mn) 13,278.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment: Assets (EUR mn) 16,146.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Current Account: Services: Debit (EUR mn) 65,034.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Errors and Omissions (EUR mn) -1,472.400 Dec 2018 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2018
BoP: Capital Account: Debits (EUR mn) 668.800 Dec 2018 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2018
BoP: Current Account: Services: Credit (EUR mn) 73,942.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Current Account: Goods: Credit (EUR mn) 164,701.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Current Account: Goods: Debit (EUR mn) 142,419.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Other Investment: Liabilities (EUR mn) 37,389.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (EUR mn) 27,457.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
IIP: Net (EUR mn) 533,005.800 Dec 2018 quarterly Jun 2003 - Dec 2018
International Investment Position (IIP): Net (EUR mn) 608,960.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
IIP: Assets (EUR mn) 10,065,078.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
Gross External Debt: OM: Short Term (EUR mn) 675,289.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
Gross External Debt: OC: Short Term (EUR mn) 553,564.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
Gross External Debt: CB: Short Term (EUR mn) 63,632.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
Gross External Debt: NC: Short Term (EUR mn) 326,851.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
Gross External Debt: HN: Short Term (EUR mn) 2,040.000 Sep 2024 quarterly Dec 2008 - Sep 2024
Foreign Direct Investment: Industry: Mining, Quarrying, Oil & Chemicals (EUR mn) 15,157.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
Foreign Direct Investment: Industry: Food, Drink & Tobacco (EUR mn) -263.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
Foreign Direct Investment: Services: Information & Communication (EUR mn) 23,256.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
Direct Investment Abroad: Services: Banking & Insurance (EUR mn) -31,713.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
Direct Investment Abroad: Industry: Mining, Quarrying, Oil & Chemicals (EUR mn) 285.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
Direct Investment Abroad: Services: Information & Communication (EUR mn) 31,815.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
Direct Investment Abroad: Industry: Food, Drink & Tobacco (EUR mn) 2,686.000 2022 yearly 2015 - 2022
No of Enterprises (Unit) 2,084,950.000 2023 yearly 2006 - 2023
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 1.5 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2008 - Jun 2025
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) 97.4 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2025
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 609,032.420 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1982 - Sep 2025
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 1,359,967.981 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1957 - Sep 2025
M2 Growth (%) 3.5 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1957 - Sep 2025
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 1.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Oct 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 9,344.6 Sep 2025 monthly Sep 1999 - Sep 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 0.684 Sep 2025 quarterly Sep 1999 - Sep 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 0.1 Sep 2025 monthly Sep 1999 - Sep 2025
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 75,082.877 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1956 - Sep 2025
Total Deposits (USD mn) 1,441,679.960 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1990 - Sep 2025
Total Deposits Growth (%) 3.9 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1991 - Sep 2025
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 1,699,641.0 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 2001 - Feb 2025
Domestic Credit Growth (%) -1.6 Feb 2025 monthly Dec 2002 - Feb 2025
Debt Service Ratio: Households (%) 12.900 Mar 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2025
Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) 26.500 Mar 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2025
Credit to Households (USD bn) 1,155.491 Mar 2025 quarterly Dec 1990 - Mar 2025
Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) 3,271.844 Mar 2025 quarterly Mar 1961 - Mar 2025
Household Debt (USD mn) 1,320,082.0 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2025
Total Loans (USD mn) 2,775,130.362 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1982 - Sep 2025
Total Loans Growth (%) 6.46 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1983 - Sep 2025
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 82.42 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 1995 - Sep 2025
Monetary Agg: NC: Stock: M3 excl Currency in Circulation (EUR mn) 1,082,081.000 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1982 - Jan 2025
Monetary Agg: NC: Stock: M1 (EUR mn) 515,981.000 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1982 - Jan 2025
Monetary Agg: NC: Stock: M2 (EUR mn) 1,125,191.000 Jan 2025 monthly Dec 1982 - Jan 2025
Official Reserve Assets (EUR mn) 79,737.000 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1999 - Jan 2025
Official Reserve Assets: Foreign Currency Reserves (FC) (EUR mn) 5,625.000 Jan 2025 monthly Sep 1999 - Jan 2025
Business and Economic Survey Last Frequency Range
Business Confidence Growth (% Point) 2.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1986 - Oct 2025
Producer Confidence Indicator: sa (%) -1.200 Feb 2025 monthly Jan 1985 - Feb 2025

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