Poland External Debt: % of GDP
Key information about Poland External Debt: % of GDP
- Poland External Debt accounted for 51.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 49.8 % in the previous year.
- Poland External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1995 to Dec 2024.
- The data reached an all-time high of 95.2 % in Sep 2015 and a record low of -33.0 % in Mar 2011.
CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Narodowy Bank Polski provides External Debt in local currency based on BPM6. Statistics Poland provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on ESA 2010. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2004 is calculated from External Debt based on BPM5 and Nominal GDP based on ESA 1995. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 1995 is calculated from External Debt sourced from the World Bank and Nominal GDP sourced from the International Monetary Fund.
Related information about Poland External Debt: % of GDP
- In the latest reports of Poland, Current Account recorded a deficit of 847.0 USD mn in Sep 2025.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 2.5 USD bn in Sep 2025.
- Poland Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 1.9 USD bn in Sep 2025.
- Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 5.7 USD bn in Sep 2025.
- The country's External Debt reached 532,035.0 in Jun 2025.
- The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 266.1 USD bn in Sep 2025.
View Poland's External Debt: % of GDP from 1995 to 2024 in the chart:
What was Poland's External Debt: % of GDP in 2024?
Poland External Debt accounted for 51.8 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2024, compared with the ratio of 49.8 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 51.8 2024 | 49.8 2023 | -33.0 2011 | 95.2 2015 | % | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison
| country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Albania (%) | 40.5 2024 | yearly | 1991 - 2024 |
| Algeria (%) | 1.1 2024 | yearly | 1970 - 2024 |
| Argentina (%) | 43.5 2024 | yearly | 1994 - 2024 |
| Armenia (%) | 62.9 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Australia (%) | 112.8 2024 | yearly | 1988 - 2024 |
| Austria (%) | 154.5 2024 | yearly | 1997 - 2024 |
| Azerbaijan (%) | 14.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2001 - Dec 2021 |
| Bangladesh (%) | 11.4 2017 | yearly | 1997 - 2017 |
| Belarus (%) | 42.9 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2000 - Sep 2025 |
| Belgium (%) | 242.6 2024 | yearly | 2007 - 2024 |
| Bolivia (%) | 33.0 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 17.0 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Botswana (%) | 7.8 2025 | yearly | 1995 - 2025 |
| Brazil (%) | 27.6 2024 | yearly | 1992 - 2024 |
| Bulgaria (%) | 47.6 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Cambodia (%) | 45.4 2024 | yearly | 2010 - 2024 |
| Canada (%) | 146.4 2024 | yearly | 1990 - 2024 |
| Chile (%) | 74.2 2024 | yearly | 1971 - 2024 |
| China (%) | 12.9 2024 | yearly | 1985 - 2024 |
| Colombia (%) | 51.3 2024 | yearly | 1970 - 2024 |
| Croatia (%) | 74.3 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Cyprus (%) | 674.2 2024 | yearly | 2004 - 2024 |
| Czech Republic (%) | 65.4 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Denmark (%) | 142.2 2024 | yearly | 2005 - 2024 |
| Ecuador (%) | 48.2 2024 | yearly | 1970 - 2024 |
| Egypt (%) | 44.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Jun 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Estonia (%) | 97.8 2024 | yearly | 1996 - 2024 |
| European Union (%) | 109.7 2024 | yearly | 2008 - 2024 |
| Finland (%) | 203.6 2024 | yearly | 1991 - 2024 |
| France (%) | 250.2 2024 | yearly | 2004 - 2024 |
| Georgia (%) | 73.6 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Germany (%) | 147.6 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Ghana (%) | 34.4 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Greece (%) | 243.2 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | 467.1 2024 | yearly | 2001 - 2024 |
| Hungary (%) | 142.9 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| Iceland (%) | 71.9 2024 | yearly | 1989 - 2024 |
| India (%) | 19.1 2025 | yearly | 1970 - 2025 |
| Indonesia (%) | 30.4 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Iran (%) | 0.8 2025 | yearly | 1994 - 2025 |
| Ireland (%) | 544.0 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Israel (%) | 27.2 2024 | yearly | 1998 - 2024 |
| Italy (%) | 120.8 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Ivory Coast (%) | 34.4 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
| Japan (%) | 108.0 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Jordan (%) | 80.3 2024 | yearly | 1970 - 2024 |
| Kazakhstan (%) | 59.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Jun 2025 |
| Kenya (%) | 31.2 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| South Korea (%) | 35.9 2024 | yearly | 1994 - 2024 |
| Kosovo (%) | 40.7 2024 | yearly | 2007 - 2024 |
| Kuwait (%) | 41.5 2024 | yearly | 2014 - 2024 |
| Kyrgyzstan (%) | 70.8 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Laos (%) | 68.7 2024 | yearly | 1996 - 2024 |
| Latvia (%) | 104.4 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Sep 2025 |
| Lebanon (%) | 17.4 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Lithuania (%) | 77.4 2024 | yearly | 1996 - 2024 |
| Luxembourg (%) | 4,148.6 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| North Macedonia (%) | 79.2 2024 | yearly | 2004 - 2024 |
| Malawi (%) | 60.1 2021 | yearly | 2006 - 2021 |
| Malaysia (%) | 69.9 2024 | yearly | 2009 - 2024 |
| Malta (%) | 836.7 2024 | yearly | 2004 - 2024 |
| Mauritius (%) | 1,221.8 2024 | yearly | 2009 - 2024 |
| Mexico (%) | 32.2 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Moldova (%) | 56.7 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Mongolia (%) | 157.9 2024 | yearly | 1992 - 2024 |
| Montenegro (%) | 105.7 2024 | yearly | 2006 - 2024 |
| Morocco (%) | 50.8 2022 | yearly | 1970 - 2022 |
| Mozambique (%) | 49.2 2023 | yearly | 1985 - 2023 |
| Myanmar (%) | 18.9 2023 | yearly | 2018 - 2023 |
| Nepal (%) | 17.3 2016 | yearly | 2001 - 2016 |
| Netherlands (%) | 349.4 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| New Zealand (%) | 94.7 2024 | yearly | 1993 - 2024 |
| Nigeria (%) | 18.6 2024 | yearly | 1985 - 2024 |
| Norway (%) | 155.3 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Pakistan (%) | 33.1 2025 | yearly | 2000 - 2025 |
| Palestinian Territory (%) | 15.3 2024 | yearly | 2012 - 2024 |
| Panama (%) | 169.8 2021 | yearly | 2014 - 2021 |
| Paraguay (%) | 58.8 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Peru (%) | 36.7 2024 | yearly | 1980 - 2024 |
| Philippines (%) | 29.8 2024 | yearly | 1990 - 2024 |
| Poland (%) | 51.8 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Portugal (%) | 144.8 2024 | yearly | 1996 - 2024 |
| Qatar (%) | 106.1 2018 | yearly | 2000 - 2018 |
| Romania (%) | 57.5 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Russia (%) | 13.3 2024 | yearly | 1993 - 2024 |
| Serbia (%) | 60.5 2024 | yearly | 2000 - 2024 |
| Singapore (%) | 407.1 2024 | yearly | 2003 - 2024 |
| Slovakia (%) | 100.9 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Slovenia (%) | 87.9 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| South Africa (%) | 42.0 2024 | yearly | 1985 - 2024 |
| Spain (%) | 162.5 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Sri Lanka (%) | 75.0 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
| Sudan (%) | 202.2 2021 | yearly | 2001 - 2021 |
| Sweden (%) | 168.1 2024 | yearly | 1997 - 2024 |
| Switzerland (%) | 233.9 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Taiwan, China (%) | 27.4 2024 | yearly | 1999 - 2024 |
| Tajikistan (%) | 37.7 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
| Thailand (%) | 35.5 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Jun 2025 |
| Tunisia (%) | 83.8 2024 | yearly | 2002 - 2024 |
| Turkey (%) | 38.2 2024 | yearly | 1989 - 2024 |
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Learn more about what we doPoland Key Series
| Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 4.000 2028 | yearly | 1996 - 2028 |
| Trade Balance (USD mn) | 905.8 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 1986 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports (USD mn) | 39,847.7 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Exports Growth (%) | 0.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Oct 2025 |
| Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 2,117,046.631 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 3,767,096.725 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 3,282,008.836 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Imports (USD mn) | 38,941.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Imports Growth (%) | -0.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 8,541,799.485 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 6,023,957.256 2024 | yearly | 1995 - 2024 |
| Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 904.277 Aug 2025 | monthly | Apr 1961 - Aug 2025 |
| Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 1,982.306 Sep 2025 | monthly | Aug 2011 - Sep 2025 |
| Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 289.649 Aug 2025 | monthly | Jan 1981 - Aug 2025 |
| Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 5,941.384 Sep 2025 | monthly | Mar 2004 - Sep 2025 |
| Exports (PLN mn) | 143,129.085 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: ytd: Great Britain (PLN mn) | 67,211.977 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: ytd: France (PLN mn) | 78,513.988 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: ytd: Czech Republic (PLN mn) | 80,080.208 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Trade Balance: ytd (PLN mn) | -21,452.778 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Oct 2025 |
| Exports: ytd: Russia (PLN mn) | 7,980.468 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Oct 2025 |
| Imports (PLN mn) | 131,638.098 Nov 2024 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Nov 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: China (PLN mn) | 218,871.311 Dec 2024 | monthly | Dec 2000 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: Russia (PLN mn) | 6,872.299 Nov 2024 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Nov 2024 |
| Exports: ytd: Germany (PLN mn) | 31,844.456 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Jan 2025 |
| Imports: ytd: Germany (PLN mn) | 290,036.042 Dec 2024 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: Italy (PLN mn) | 70,727.280 Dec 2024 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: SITC: Manufactured Goods (PLN mn) | 219,310.400 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Exports: ytd: SITC: Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles (PLN mn) | 265,691.800 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: SITC: Machinery and Transport Equipment (PLN mn) | 531,597.500 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: SITC: Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles (PLN mn) | 225,125.900 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: SITC: Chemicals and Related Products (PLN mn) | 210,907.100 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Exports: ytd: SITC: Food and Live Animals (PLN mn) | 188,002.600 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Imports: ytd: SITC: Mineral Fuels, Lubricants and Related Materials (PLN mn) | 114,679.800 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Exports: ytd: SITC: Manufactured Goods (PLN mn) | 247,667.400 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Exports: ytd: SITC: Machinery and Transport Equipment (PLN mn) | 562,900.300 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Exports: ytd: SITC: Chemicals and Related Products (PLN mn) | 140,316.300 Dec 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Dec 2024 |
| Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 4.9 Sep 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Sep 2025 |
| Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 22.4 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2003 - Jun 2025 |
| Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 16,866.175 Sep 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Sep 2025 |
| Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 532,100.480 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Oct 2025 |
| Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 722,675.202 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Oct 2025 |
| M2 Growth (%) | 10.6 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1997 - Oct 2025 |
| Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 3.5 Dec 2017 | monthly | Jan 1993 - Dec 2017 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 185,011.4 Nov 2025 | monthly | Jan 1998 - Nov 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 19.371 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2025 |
| Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 4.9 Oct 2025 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Oct 2025 |
| Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 72,777.600 Nov 2025 | monthly | Jan 1983 - Nov 2025 |
| Total Deposits (USD mn) | 686,165.215 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Deposits Growth (%) | 10.8 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1997 - Oct 2025 |
| Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 582,357.7 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Oct 2025 |
| Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 9.8 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1997 - Oct 2025 |
| Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) | 6.500 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Credit to Households (USD bn) | 232.036 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) | 592.528 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Jun 2025 |
| Household Debt (USD mn) | 233,582.0 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2003 - Jun 2025 |
| Total Loans (USD mn) | 473,033.812 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Oct 2025 |
| Total Loans Growth (%) | 3.58 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 1997 - Oct 2025 |
| Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 33.01 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Dec 2009 - Sep 2025 |
| Official Reserve Assets: USD (USD mn) | 265,005.830 Nov 2025 | monthly | Jan 1998 - Nov 2025 |
| Official Reserve Assets: USD: Foreign Exchange (USD mn) | 185,011.430 Nov 2025 | monthly | Jan 1998 - Nov 2025 |
| Money Supply: M3 (PLN mn) | 2,469,068.651 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Jan 2025 |
| Money Supply: M3: M2: M1 (PLN mn) | 1,805,785.972 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Jan 2025 |
| Money Supply: M3: M2 (PLN mn) | 2,458,763.970 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Jan 2025 |
| Money Supply: M0 (PLN mn) | 512,663.400 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Jan 2025 |
| Official Reserve Assets: USD: Monetary Gold (USD mn) | 5,300.500 Dec 2018 | monthly | Jan 1998 - Dec 2018 |
| Banking Sector Claims: from Non Financial Sector (NF): Non Performing (PLN) | 61,227,956,210.980 Oct 2025 | monthly | Dec 2009 - Oct 2025 |
| MFIs Liabilities: OD: NF: Non Financial Corporations (NC) (PLN mn) | 524,841.682 Dec 2024 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Dec 2024 |
| MFIs Liabilities: OD: NF: Households and NPISHs (HN): Households (HH) (PLN mn) | 1,352,314.766 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Jan 2025 |
| MFIs Claims: OD: NF: Households: Other MFIs: Loans (PLN mn) | 796,274.333 Dec 2024 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Dec 2024 |
| MFIs Claims: Other Domestic Residents (OD): Non Financial Sector (NF): Non Finan... (PLN mn) | 391,310.780 Dec 2024 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Dec 2024 |
| MFIs Claims: OD: NF: Households: Other MFIs: Loans: Real Property Purchase: ow H... (PLN mn) | 495,308.662 Jan 2025 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Jan 2025 |
| Business and Economic Survey | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Business Confidence Growth (% Point) | 3.8 Nov 2025 | monthly | Jul 2006 - Nov 2025 |
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