Nepal External Debt: % of GDP

2001 - 2016 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Nepal External Debt: % of GDP

  • Nepal External Debt accounted for 17.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2016, compared with the ratio of 16.1 % in the previous year.
  • Nepal External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Jul 2001 to Jul 2016.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 47.9 % in Jul 2002 and a record low of 16.1 % in Jul 2015.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides External Debt in local currency. The Central Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency, at producer prices. External Debt covers Government Debt only. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, generally ending on July 15th of each year.


Related information about Nepal External Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports of Nepal, Current Account recorded a deficit of 170.0 USD mn in Apr 2023.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 14.2 USD mn in Apr 2023.
  • The country's External Debt reached 9,130.2 in Dec 2022.
  • The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 40.8 USD bn in Jul 2022.

View Nepal's External Debt: % of GDP from 2001 to 2016 in the chart:

Nepal External Debt: % of GDP

What was Nepal's External Debt: % of GDP in 2016?

Nepal External Debt accounted for 17.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2016, compared with the ratio of 16.1 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
17.3 2016 16.1 2015 16.1 2015 47.9 2002 % yearly 2001 - 2016

External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 40.5 2024 yearly 1991 - 2024
Algeria (%) 1.1 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Argentina (%) 43.5 2024 yearly 1994 - 2024
Armenia (%) 62.9 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Australia (%) 112.8 2024 yearly 1988 - 2024
Austria (%) 154.5 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Azerbaijan (%) 14.9 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2001 - Dec 2021
Bangladesh (%) 11.4 2017 yearly 1997 - 2017
Belarus (%) 42.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Dec 2000 - Sep 2025
Belgium (%) 242.6 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Bolivia (%) 33.0 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 17.0 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Botswana (%) 7.8 2025 yearly 1995 - 2025
Brazil (%) 27.6 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Bulgaria (%) 48.2 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Cambodia (%) 45.4 2024 yearly 2010 - 2024
Canada (%) 145.0 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Chile (%) 74.2 2024 yearly 1971 - 2024
China (%) 12.9 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Colombia (%) 48.2 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Croatia (%) 74.3 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Cyprus (%) 674.2 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Czech Republic (%) 65.4 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Denmark (%) 142.2 2024 yearly 2005 - 2024
Ecuador (%) 48.7 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Egypt (%) 44.2 Jun 2025 quarterly Jun 1999 - Jun 2025
Estonia (%) 97.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
European Union (%) 109.7 2024 yearly 2008 - 2024
Finland (%) 203.6 2024 yearly 1991 - 2024
France (%) 250.2 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Georgia (%) 73.5 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Germany (%) 147.6 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Ghana (%) 34.4 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Greece (%) 243.3 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 462.1 2024 yearly 2001 - 2024
Hungary (%) 142.9 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Iceland (%) 71.9 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024
India (%) 19.1 2025 yearly 1970 - 2025
Indonesia (%) 30.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Iran (%) 0.8 2025 yearly 1994 - 2025
Ireland (%) 544.0 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Israel (%) 27.2 2024 yearly 1998 - 2024
Italy (%) 120.8 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Ivory Coast (%) 34.4 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Japan (%) 108.0 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Jordan (%) 73.3 2024 yearly 1970 - 2024
Kazakhstan (%) 58.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2025
Kenya (%) 31.2 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
South Korea (%) 35.9 2024 yearly 1994 - 2024
Kosovo (%) 40.7 2024 yearly 2007 - 2024
Kuwait (%) 41.5 2024 yearly 2014 - 2024
Kyrgyzstan (%) 68.2 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Laos (%) 68.7 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Latvia (%) 104.4 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Lebanon (%) 17.4 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
Lithuania (%) 77.4 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Luxembourg (%) 4,148.6 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
North Macedonia (%) 78.0 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Malawi (%) 60.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Malaysia (%) 69.9 2024 yearly 2009 - 2024
Malta (%) 836.7 2024 yearly 2004 - 2024
Mauritius (%) 1,294.9 2024 yearly 2009 - 2024
Mexico (%) 32.2 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Moldova (%) 56.7 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Mongolia (%) 157.9 2024 yearly 1992 - 2024
Montenegro (%) 105.7 2024 yearly 2006 - 2024
Morocco (%) 50.8 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Mozambique (%) 49.2 2023 yearly 1985 - 2023
Myanmar (%) 18.9 2023 yearly 2018 - 2023
Nepal (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
Netherlands (%) 349.4 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
New Zealand (%) 94.6 2024 yearly 1993 - 2024
Nigeria (%) 18.6 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Norway (%) 154.9 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Pakistan (%) 33.4 2025 yearly 2000 - 2025
Palestinian Territory (%) 13.1 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
Panama (%) 169.8 2021 yearly 2014 - 2021
Paraguay (%) 58.4 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Peru (%) 36.7 2024 yearly 1980 - 2024
Philippines (%) 29.8 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Poland (%) 51.8 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Portugal (%) 144.8 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Qatar (%) 106.1 2018 yearly 2000 - 2018
Romania (%) 57.5 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Russia (%) 13.3 2024 yearly 1993 - 2024
Serbia (%) 60.5 2024 yearly 2000 - 2024
Singapore (%) 388.9 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Slovakia (%) 100.9 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Slovenia (%) 87.9 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
South Africa (%) 42.0 2024 yearly 1985 - 2024
Spain (%) 162.7 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Sri Lanka (%) 75.0 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Sudan (%) 202.2 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Sweden (%) 168.1 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Switzerland (%) 235.3 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Taiwan, China (%) 27.4 2024 yearly 1999 - 2024
Tajikistan (%) 37.7 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Thailand (%) 34.9 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2005 - Sep 2025
Tunisia (%) 83.8 2024 yearly 2002 - 2024
Turkey (%) 38.2 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024

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Nepal Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -10.0 2018 yearly 2012 - 2018
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -117.285 Dec 2025 quarterly Mar 2017 - Dec 2025
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 234,327.945 Sep 2025 quarterly Jun 2019 - Sep 2025
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 19.1 2018 yearly 2001 - 2018
National Government Debt (USD mn) 14,538.4 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 39.9 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Forecast: Government Expenditure (NPR bn) 2,604.728 2030 yearly 2000 - 2030
Forecast: Government Net Debt (NPR bn) 4,815.645 2030 yearly 2000 - 2030
Forecast: Government Revenue (NPR bn) 2,282.135 2030 yearly 2000 - 2030
Government Debt: External (NPR mn) 934,695.200 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Government Debt: Total (NPR mn) 1,735,015.267 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Government Domestic Debt: Annual: Bonds & Treasury Bills (NPR mn) 1,125,188.232 2023 yearly 1986 - 2023
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 0.000 yearly -
Trade Balance (USD mn) -1,023.0 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 1974 - Jan 2026
Total Exports (USD mn) 177.1 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Total Exports Growth (%) 1.5 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2004 - Jan 2026
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 2,069.671 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 11,731.470 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 2,069.949 2024 yearly 1996 - 2024
Total Imports (USD mn) 1,200.2 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Total Imports Growth (%) 7.4 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2004 - Jan 2026
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 210,184.160 2024 yearly 1998 - 2024
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 297,733.053 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 12.894 Oct 2025 monthly Sep 1983 - Oct 2025
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 18.114 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1981 - Oct 2025
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 1.209 Jan 2026 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2026
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 224.119 Jan 2026 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2026
Exports: Chemicals (NPR mn) 864.433 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Exports: Manufactured Goods Classified by Materials (NPR mn) 6,680.649 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Exports: Food & Live Animals (NPR mn) 3,438.554 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Exports: Crude Materials Inedible: Except Fuel (NPR mn) 593.919 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Exports: Miscellaneous Manufactures Articles (NPR mn) 1,911.478 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Imports: Mineral Fuels, Lubricants & Related Minerals (NPR mn) 21,475.868 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Imports: Chemicals (NPR mn) 20,312.858 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Imports: Machinery & Transport Equipments (NPR mn) 35,679.165 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Imports: Food & Live Animals (NPR mn) 17,033.243 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Imports: Manufactured Goods Classified by Materials (NPR mn) 28,472.290 Oct 2025 monthly Aug 2003 - Oct 2025
Exports: fob: Custom Basis (NPR mn) 25,508.980 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Imports: cif: Custom Basis: Other Countries (NPR mn) 42,166.598 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Exports: fob: Custom Basis: China (NPR mn) 174.101 Jan 2026 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2026
Exports: fob: Custom Basis: Other Countries (NPR mn) 4,633.278 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Imports: cif: Custom Basis: India (NPR mn) 98,392.563 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Exports: fob: Custom Basis: India (NPR mn) 20,701.601 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Imports: cif: Custom Basis (NPR mn) 172,833.691 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Trade Balance: Custom Basis (NPR mn) -147,324.711 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Imports: cif: Custom Basis: China (NPR mn) 32,274.530 Jan 2026 monthly Apr 2013 - Jan 2026
Export Volume Index (2015=100) 171.601 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Export Value Index (2015=100) 233.718 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Volume Index (2015=100) 187.157 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Import Value Index (2015=100) 238.930 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 1,345.6 Jan 2026 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jan 2026
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 6.7 2025 yearly 2001 - 2025
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 9.1 Jan 2026 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jan 2026
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 0.1 2025 yearly 2001 - 2025
External Debt (USD mn) 10,519.7 Sep 2024 quarterly Mar 2012 - Sep 2024
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 422.9 2024 yearly 1977 - 2024
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) -2.431 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 3,934.074 Mar 2025 quarterly Dec 2012 - Mar 2025
NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 0.000 Jun 2020 quarterly Mar 1977 - Jun 2020
NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Assets (USD mn) 0.000 Jun 2020 quarterly Mar 1977 - Jun 2020
NP: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 0.000 Jun 2020 quarterly Mar 1977 - Jun 2020
BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment in Nepal (NPR mn) 1,919.110 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
BoP: Capital Account (NPR mn) 1,036.240 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
BoP: Financial Account (NPR mn) 63,943.939 Jul 2024 quarterly Oct 2000 - Jul 2024
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 2.5 2015 yearly 2003 - 2015
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) 267.883 2015 yearly 2003 - 2015
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 8,197.327 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 57,327.049 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
M2 Growth (%) 14.2 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2026
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 4.0 Jan 2026 monthly Jul 2003 - Jan 2026
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 19,985.3 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2026
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 4.000 Jan 2026 monthly Jul 2003 - Jan 2026
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 16.7 Jan 2026 monthly Aug 2003 - Jan 2026
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 1,412.372 Jan 2026 monthly Jul 1957 - Jan 2026
Total Deposits (USD mn) 42,957.520 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Dec 2025
Total Deposits Growth (%) 4.8 Dec 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2025
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 47,961.8 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 4.1 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2026
Total Loans (USD mn) 36,085.037 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Oct 2025
Total Loans Growth (%) 7.19 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Oct 2025
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 74.44 2024 yearly 2003 - 2024
Foreign Reserve (USD mn) 21,561.890 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2026
Monetary Survey: Narrow Money M1 (NPR mn) 1,182,956.255 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Monetary Survey: Domestic Credits (DO) (NPR mn) 6,921,365.414 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Monetary Survey: Broad Money M2 (NPR mn) 8,272,866.444 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Commercial Banks: Deposits exclude Interbank (NPR mn) 6,342,565.997 Jan 2026 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2026
Commercial Banks: Loans & Advances (NPR mn) 1,945,068.90 Jan 2018 monthly Jan 2001 - Jan 2018
CB: NPL (NPR mn) 27,174.060 2015 yearly 2003 - 2015

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