Italy External Debt: % of GDP

2002 - 2022 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

  • Italy External Debt accounted for 129.0 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2022, compared with the ratio of 137.8 % in the previous year.
  • Italy External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2002 to Dec 2022.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 140.2 % in Dec 2020 and a record low of 78.9 % in Dec 2002.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bank of Italy provides External Debt in EUR based on BPM6. Italian National Institute of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in EUR. External Debt prior to 2008 is based on BPM5.


Related information about Italy External Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports of Italy, Current Account recorded a deficit of 1.7 USD bn in Apr 2023.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 1.4 USD bn in Apr 2023.
  • Italy Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 320.2 USD mn in Apr 2023.
  • Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 12.0 USD bn in Mar 2023.
  • The country's External Debt reached 2,633,954.6 in Dec 2022.
  • The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 538.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

View Italy's External Debt: % of GDP from 2002 to 2022 in the chart:

Italy External Debt: % of GDP

What was Italy's External Debt: % of GDP in 2022?

Italy External Debt accounted for 129.0 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2022, compared with the ratio of 137.8 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
129.0 2022 137.8 2021 78.9 2002 140.2 2020 % yearly 2002 - 2022

External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

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Includes External Debt: % of GDP on 109 economies standardised by CEIC. Instant access to full history data in excel.
country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 54.3 2022 yearly 1991 - 2022
Algeria (%) 1.9 2021 yearly 1970 - 2021
Argentina (%) 44.9 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Armenia (%) 78.2 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Australia (%) 117.2 2022 yearly 1988 - 2022
Austria (%) 149.2 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
Azerbaijan (%) 14.9 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2001 - Dec 2021
Bangladesh (%) 11.4 2017 yearly 1997 - 2017
Belarus (%) 50.5 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 2000 - Mar 2023
Belgium (%) 240.0 2022 yearly 2007 - 2022
Bolivia (%) 35.1 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 20.3 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Botswana (%) 7.3 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Brazil (%) 30.0 2022 yearly 1992 - 2022
Bulgaria (%) 52.5 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Cambodia (%) 75.6 2022 yearly 2010 - 2022
Canada (%) 128.8 2022 yearly 1990 - 2022
Chile (%) 77.4 2022 yearly 1971 - 2022
China (%) 13.6 2022 yearly 1985 - 2022
Colombia (%) 53.4 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Croatia (%) 75.0 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Cyprus (%) 620.8 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Czech Republic (%) 65.6 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Denmark (%) 122.9 2022 yearly 2005 - 2022
Ecuador (%) 52.0 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Egypt (%) 35.5 Dec 2022 quarterly Jun 1999 - Dec 2022
Estonia (%) 84.7 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
European Union (%) 114.9 2022 yearly 2008 - 2022
Finland (%) 214.7 2022 yearly 1991 - 2022
France (%) 245.8 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Georgia (%) 94.8 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Germany (%) 155.8 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Ghana (%) 35.7 2021 yearly 1999 - 2021
Greece (%) 262.8 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 503.8 2022 yearly 2001 - 2022
Hungary (%) 151.4 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Iceland (%) 78.9 2022 yearly 1989 - 2022
India (%) 18.9 2023 yearly 1970 - 2023
Indonesia (%) 30.1 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Iran (%) 0.5 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Ireland (%) 577.2 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Israel (%) 29.1 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Italy (%) 129.0 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Ivory Coast (%) 31.4 2021 yearly 1994 - 2021
Japan (%) 104.5 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Jordan (%) 82.1 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Kazakhstan (%) 69.4 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 2002 - Mar 2023
Kenya (%) 0.0 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
South Korea (%) 39.8 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Kosovo (%) 38.2 2022 yearly 2007 - 2022
Kuwait (%) 58.5 2020 yearly 2014 - 2020
Kyrgyzstan (%) 84.4 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Laos (%) 68.0 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Latvia (%) 98.8 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2000 - Jun 2023
Lebanon (%) 53.0 2020 yearly 2007 - 2020
Lithuania (%) 67.9 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Luxembourg (%) 4,521.9 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
North Macedonia (%) 84.2 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Malawi (%) 60.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Malaysia (%) 63.9 2022 yearly 2009 - 2022
Malta (%) 984.0 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Mauritius (%) 1,436.0 2022 yearly 2009 - 2022
Mexico (%) 40.1 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Moldova (%) 65.6 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Mongolia (%) 194.5 2022 yearly 1992 - 2022
Montenegro (%) 180.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Morocco (%) 50.9 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Mozambique (%) 71.7 2020 yearly 1985 - 2020
Myanmar (%) 16.7 2020 yearly 2018 - 2020
Nepal (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
Netherlands (%) 374.5 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
New Zealand (%) 85.1 2022 yearly 1993 - 2022
Nigeria (%) 8.9 2022 yearly 1985 - 2022
Norway (%) 135.8 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Pakistan (%) 36.4 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Palestinian Territory (%) 11.5 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
Panama (%) 167.4 2021 yearly 2014 - 2021
Paraguay (%) 53.1 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Peru (%) 41.8 2022 yearly 1980 - 2022
Philippines (%) 27.5 2022 yearly 1990 - 2022
Poland (%) 53.0 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Portugal (%) 168.1 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Qatar (%) 106.1 2018 yearly 2000 - 2018
Romania (%) 50.6 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Russia (%) 17.0 2022 yearly 1993 - 2022
Serbia (%) 69.4 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Singapore (%) 385.6 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Slovakia (%) 103.1 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Slovenia (%) 87.9 2022 yearly 2001 - 2022
South Africa (%) 40.7 2022 yearly 1985 - 2022
Spain (%) 193.4 2021 yearly 1995 - 2021
Sri Lanka (%) 74.7 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Sudan (%) 202.2 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Sweden (%) 170.5 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
Switzerland (%) 272.8 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Taiwan (%) 26.5 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Tajikistan (%) 37.7 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Thailand (%) 40.5 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Mar 2023
Tunisia (%) 92.1 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Turkey (%) 51.3 2022 yearly 1989 - 2022

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Italy Key Series

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Includes 262 key indicators for Italy, curated by CEIC analysts. Instant access to full history data in excel.
Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -8.2 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1999 - Mar 2023
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -62,238.762 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 122,900.229 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 23.9 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
National Government Debt (USD mn) 3,150,178.0 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1957 - Jul 2023
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 145.2 Jun 2023 quarterly Dec 1995 - Jun 2023
Forecast: Government Expenditure (EUR bn) 1,154.373 2028 yearly 1988 - 2028
Forecast: Government Net Debt (EUR bn) 3,138.281 2028 yearly 1988 - 2028
Forecast: Government Revenue (EUR bn) 1,136.880 2028 yearly 1988 - 2028
General Govt Debt (EUR mn) 2,858,600.700 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1861 - Jul 2023
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 2.362 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) 3,812.6 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Jul 2023
Total Exports (USD mn) 59,201.8 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Total Exports Growth (%) -7.7 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1992 - Jul 2023
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 6,046,592.734 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 34,957,695.159 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 14,113,178.257 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Imports (USD mn) 52,146.6 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Total Imports Growth (%) -19.4 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1992 - Jul 2023
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 21,462,418.612 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 15,087,372.056 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 6,307.317 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1960 - Jul 2023
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 2,240.006 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1960 - Jul 2023
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 1,518.973 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1960 - Jul 2023
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 4,695.998 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1960 - Jul 2023
Trade Balance: sa (EUR mn) 3,445.000 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: sa (EUR mn) 51,044.000 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: sa (EUR mn) 47,599.000 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob (EUR mn) 53,494.000 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: Mfg: Transport Equipment (TE) (EUR mn) 6,127.510 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: Mfg: Electrical (EUR mn) 2,695.361 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: Mfg: Machinery & Equipment n.e.c. (ME) (EUR mn) 8,906.190 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: Mfg: Basic Metals & Fabricated Metal (MF) (EUR mn) 5,621.333 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: MQ: Crude Petroleum & Natural Gas: Crude Petroleum (EUR mn) 2,532.477 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: Mfg: CC: Chemicals & Chemical Products (CP) (EUR mn) 4,749.735 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jun 2023
Imports: cif (EUR mn) 47,119.000 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: Mfg: TE: MS: Motor Vehicles (EUR mn) 3,958.148 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jun 2023
Imports: cif: Mfg: ME: Machinery & Equipment n.e.c. (MN) (EUR mn) 4,011.822 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jun 2023
Imports: cif: Mfg: CO: Computer, Electronic & Optical (CE) (EUR mn) 3,360.316 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jun 2023
Exports: fob: Europe: France (EUR mn) 5,434.173 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: Europe: Germany (EUR mn) 6,470.325 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: Europe: United Kingdom (EUR mn) 2,377.605 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Exports: fob: America: United States (EUR mn) 5,699.211 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: Europe: Netherlands (EUR mn) 2,838.903 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: Europe: Germany (EUR mn) 7,079.839 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: Europe: France (EUR mn) 3,642.292 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Imports: cif: America: United States (EUR mn) 2,024.041 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Jul 2023
Crude Oil Imports: Africa: Nigeria (Ton th) 3,122.000 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Crude Oil Imports: OPEC (Ton th) 29,395.000 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Crude Oil Imports: Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(FUSSR) (Ton th) 20,080.000 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 1,520.4 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1988 - Jun 2023
Current Account Balance (USD mn) -1,662.6 Apr 2023 monthly Jan 1970 - Apr 2023
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 1.3 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 1980 - Jun 2023
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 1,660.5 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1988 - Jun 2023
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 1.9 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1988 - Mar 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 46,272.542 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 1997 - Jun 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 8.6 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 1990 - Jun 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) -1,555.7 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 1997 - Jun 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) 47,792.613 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 1997 - Jun 2023
External Debt (USD mn) 2,726,012.7 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 2002 - Mar 2023
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 129.0 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 1,251,948.8 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 2002 - Mar 2023
External Debt: Short Term: % of GDP (%) 59.6 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Total Debt: % of GDP (%) 628.9 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1995 - Mar 2023
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) 53.518 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 78,856.113 Dec 2022 quarterly Dec 1998 - Dec 2022
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income: Debits (EUR mn) 8,759.369 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: FA: Other Investment: Liabilities (EUR mn) -28,407.338 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income: Credits (EUR mn) 7,941.180 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Credits (EUR mn) 74,424.949 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Services (EUR mn) 1,302.523 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jul 2023
BoP: Current Account: Debits (EUR mn) 68,430.389 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Capital Account: Debits (EUR mn) 456.924 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Capital Account (EUR mn) 768.276 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Errors & Omissions (EUR mn) 12,297.227 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Jul 2023
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income (EUR mn) -1,758.781 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jul 2023
BoP: FA: Direct Investment: Assets (EUR mn) 1,402.583 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Goods: Credits (EUR mn) 52,016.783 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: FA: Reserve Assets (EUR mn) -789.389 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1988 - Jul 2023
Balance of Payments (BoP): Current Account (EUR mn) 5,994.559 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment: Assets (EUR mn) 5,359.089 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Jun 2023
BoP: FA: Financial Derivatives (EUR mn) -310.067 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Jun 2023
BoP: FA: Other Investment: Assets (EUR mn) -323.717 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Jun 2023
BoP: FA: Direct Investment: Liabilities (EUR mn) 1,531.827 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Goods (EUR mn) 5,712.549 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jul 2023
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income: Debits (EUR mn) 3,675.173 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Goods: Debits (EUR mn) 43,915.149 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Services: Credits (EUR mn) 14,865.386 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jul 2023
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income (EUR mn) -99.885 Jul 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jul 2023
BoP: Capital Account: Credits (EUR mn) 1,225.200 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income: Credits (EUR mn) 1,837.900 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Jun 2023
BoP: Financial Account (FA) (EUR mn) 6,114.794 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Jun 2023
BoP: Financial Account: Assets (EUR mn) 20,631.512 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1997 - Feb 2019
BoP: FA: Other Investment (OI) (EUR mn) -14,035.313 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1997 - Feb 2019
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment (PI) (EUR mn) 12,742.080 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1997 - Feb 2019
BoP: Financial Account: Liabilities (EUR mn) 22,075.088 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1997 - Feb 2019
BoP: FA: Direct Investment (EUR mn) -216.498 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1995 - Feb 2019
BoP: Current Account: Services: Debits (EUR mn) 7,794.724 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1995 - Feb 2019
IIP: Liabilities (EUR mn) 3,324,860.963 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1998 - Mar 2023
IIP: Net Position (EUR mn) 67,634.797 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1998 - Mar 2023
IIP: Assets (EUR mn) 3,392,495.760 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1998 - Mar 2023
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 3.0 Mar 2023 quarterly Jun 2008 - Mar 2023
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) 52.3 Mar 2023 quarterly Dec 1995 - Mar 2023
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) 62,460.828 Dec 2022 quarterly Jun 2008 - Dec 2022
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 1,842,013.523 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1974 - Jul 2023
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 2,300,848.335 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1974 - Jul 2023
M2 Growth (%) -5.7 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1975 - Jul 2023
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 1.0 Sep 2023 monthly Jan 1999 - Sep 2023
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 47,672.2 Aug 2023 monthly Dec 1999 - Aug 2023
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 2.285 Jun 2023 quarterly Dec 1999 - Jun 2023
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 0.9 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1999 - Jul 2023
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 152,916.840 Aug 2023 monthly Dec 1956 - Aug 2023
Total Deposits (USD mn) 1,966,049.932 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1998 - Mar 2023
Total Deposits Growth (%) -3.2 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 3,421,385.6 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1999 - Jun 2023
Domestic Credit Growth (%) -1.3 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 2000 - Jun 2023
Debt Service Ratio: Households (%) 4.500 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) 10.400 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Mar 2023
Credit to Households (USD bn) 862.146 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1960 - Mar 2023
Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) 2,278.729 Mar 2023 quarterly Mar 1960 - Mar 2023
Household Debt (USD mn) 1,103,083.6 Dec 2022 quarterly Mar 1995 - Dec 2022
Total Loans (USD mn) 2,682,851.961 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1995 - Jul 2023
Total Loans Growth (%) -9.15 Jul 2023 monthly Dec 1996 - Jul 2023
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 66.84 Jun 2023 quarterly Jun 1998 - Jun 2023
Money Supply M3 (EUR mn) 2,116,659.160 Jun 2023 monthly Sep 1997 - Jun 2023
MFIs Loans: Residents of Italy (RI): MFIs (EUR mn) 435,195.300 Jun 2023 monthly Dec 1995 - Jun 2023
Business and Economic Survey Last Frequency Range
Business Confidence Growth (% Point) -6.3 Aug 2023 monthly Jan 1986 - Aug 2023
Business Confidence Survey (BCS): Manufacturing: sa: Index (2010=100) 97.800 Aug 2023 monthly Jan 2000 - Aug 2023
Business Confidence Survey (BCS): Construction: sa: Index (2010=100) 160.200 Aug 2023 monthly Jan 2000 - Aug 2023
Business Confidence Survey (BCS): Services: sa: Index (2010=100) 103.600 Aug 2023 monthly Jan 2003 - Aug 2023
Business Confidence Survey (BCS): Retail Trade: sa: Index (2010=100) 108.800 Aug 2023 monthly Jan 2003 - Aug 2023
Cyclical Coincident Indicator: Ita-Coin (%) -0.180 Aug 2023 monthly Jan 2003 - Aug 2023

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