Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

1980 - 2025 | Monthly | 2005=100 | CEIC Data

Key information about Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

  • Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER: 2005=100: Month Avg: Bahrain) was 90.6 in Sep 2025, compared with the number of 91.0 in the previous month.
  • Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate data is updated monthly and averaged 223.3 from Jan 1980 to Sep 2025.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 223.3 in Feb 1985 and a record low of 83.1 in Jun 2011.

CEIC generates Real Effective Exchange Rate Index with base 2005=100. The International Monetary Fund provides Real Effective Exchange Rate with base 2010=100. CPI is used as a deflator. An increase in REER indicates reduced competitiveness for the reporting economy.


Related information about Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

  • In the latest reports, Bahrain Short Term Interest Rate: Quarterly Average: BHIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 4.2 % pa in Sep 2025.
  • The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Deposit Rate: One Week) was set at 4.8 % pa in Nov 2025.
  • Bahrain Exchange Rate against USD averaged 0.4 (USD/BHD) in Nov 2025.

View Bahrain's Real Effective Exchange Rate from Jan 1980 to Sep 2025 in the chart:

Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

What was Bahrain's Real Effective Exchange Rate in Sep 2025?

Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER: 2005=100: Month Avg: Bahrain) was 90.6 in Sep 2025, compared with the number of 91.0 in the previous month. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
90.6 Sep 2025 91.0 Aug 2025 83.1 Jun 2011 223.3 Feb 1985 2005=100 monthly Jan 1980 - Sep 2025

Real Effective Exchange Rate by Country Comparison

country/region Last Frequency Range
Algeria (2005=100) 100.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Argentina (2005=100) 59.4 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Nov 2025
Armenia (2005=100) 241.5 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1997 - Sep 2025
Australia (2005=100) 102.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Austria (2005=100) 105.9 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Azerbaijan (2005=100) 142.9 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 2005 - Sep 2025
Bahrain (2005=100) 90.6 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1980 - Sep 2025
Bangladesh (2015-2016=100) 99.5 2024 yearly 2011 - 2024
Belarus (2005=100) 101.0 Dec 2014 monthly Jan 1996 - Dec 2014
Belgium (2005=100) 105.0 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Bolivia (2005=100) 48.8 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1991 - Aug 2025
Bosnia and Herzegovina (2005=100) 98.1 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 2005 - Sep 2025
Botswana (Dec2018=100) 95.1 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 2009 - Sep 2025
Brazil (2005=100) 87.9 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1988 - Sep 2025
Bulgaria (2005=100) 132.1 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Canada (2005=100) 87.7 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1999 - Sep 2025
Chile (2005=100) 110.6 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1986 - Oct 2025
China (2005=100) 130.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Colombia (2005=100) 100.4 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1990 - Nov 2025
Croatia (2005=100) 105.8 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Oct 2025
Cyprus (2005=100) 88.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Oct 2025
Czech Republic (2005=100) 149.2 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1995 - Oct 2025
Denmark (2005=100) 98.9 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1970 - Sep 2025
Ecuador (2007=100) 110.3 Nov 2017 monthly Jan 2011 - Nov 2017
Estonia (2005=100) 146.6 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
European Union (2005=100) 94.8 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Finland (2005=100) 94.5 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
France (2005=100) 91.0 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Georgia (2005=100) 128.1 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1995 - Oct 2025
Germany (2005=100) 96.8 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Ghana (2005=100) 81.9 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1979 - Sep 2025
Greece (2005=100) 94.9 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Hong Kong SAR, China (2005=100) 107.1 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Hungary (2005=100) 98.2 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1990 - Oct 2025
Iceland (2005=100) 98.2 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1979 - Oct 2025
India (2005=100) 107.1 Oct 2025 monthly Apr 2004 - Oct 2025
Indonesia (2005=100) 106.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Iran (2005=100) 1,240.2 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1979 - Sep 2025
Ireland (2005=100) 86.5 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Israel (2005=100) 135.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Italy (2005=100) 94.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Oct 2025
Ivory Coast (2005=100) 101.5 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1979 - Sep 2025
Japan (2005=100) 54.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1970 - Oct 2025
Kazakhstan (2005=100) 99.1 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1995 - Oct 2025
Kenya (2005=100) 73.5 Aug 2015 monthly Oct 1997 - Aug 2015
South Korea (2005=100) 77.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Kosovo (Jan2007=100) 122.8 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 2006 - Sep 2025
Kyrgyzstan (2005=100) 139.6 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Oct 2025
Latvia (2005=100) 131.7 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Lithuania (2005=100) 132.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Oct 2025
Luxembourg (2005=100) 100.3 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
North Macedonia (2005=100) 113.7 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Sep 2025
Malawi (2010=100) 106.3 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1979 - Sep 2025
Malaysia (2005=100) 93.8 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Malta (2005=100) 99.5 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Mexico (2005=100) 99.8 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1968 - Aug 2025
Moldova (2005=100) 236.5 Sep 2025 monthly Nov 1993 - Sep 2025
Mongolia (2005=100) 126.8 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Sep 2025
Morocco (2005=100) 98.9 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1988 - Sep 2025
Netherlands (2005=100) 101.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Oct 2025
New Zealand (2005=100) 93.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1984 - Oct 2025
Nigeria (2005=100) 96.5 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1979 - Sep 2025
Norway (2005=100) 76.1 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Pakistan (2010=100) 104.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jul 2001 - Oct 2025
Paraguay (2005=100) 61.8 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1995 - Oct 2025
Peru (2005=100) 85.0 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1991 - Nov 2025
Philippines (2005=100) 136.3 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Poland (2005=100) 119.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Portugal (2005=100) 94.5 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Romania (2005=100) 120.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Russia (2005=100) 112.7 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Saudi Arabia (2005=100) 124.2 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Serbia (2005=100) 145.8 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Sep 2025
Singapore (2005=100) 134.4 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Slovakia (2005=100) 142.3 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Slovenia (2005=100) 102.1 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
South Africa (2005=100) 89.9 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1970 - Sep 2025
Spain (2005=100) 99.0 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1993 - Nov 2025
Sri Lanka (2017=100) 71.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2013 - Oct 2025
Sweden (2005=100) 82.2 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Switzerland (2005=100) 117.5 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1973 - Oct 2025
Taiwan, China (2005=100) 95.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Thailand (2005=100) 123.3 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
Tunisia (2005=100) 87.3 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1979 - Sep 2025
Turkey (2005=100) 63.7 Nov 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Nov 2025
Ukraine (2005=100) 85.5 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1992 - Sep 2025
United Arab Emirates (2005=100) 121.6 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
United Kingdom (2005=100) 89.1 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2025
United States (Jan2006=100) 115.7 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2006 - Oct 2025
Uruguay (2005=100) 44.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2000 - Oct 2025
Venezuela (2005=100) 0.8 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1994 - Feb 2019
Zambia (2005=100) 95.9 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 2013 - Aug 2025

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Bahrain Key Series

Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -4.8 2023 yearly 1998 - 2023
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -2,201.763 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 2,506.000 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 5.3 2024 yearly 1990 - 2024
National Government Debt (USD mn) 50,938.0 Oct 2025 monthly Mar 2001 - Oct 2025
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 96.6 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2007 - Jun 2025
Forecast: Government Expenditure (BHD bn) 6.290 2030 yearly 1990 - 2030
Forecast: Government Net Debt (BHD bn) 35.123 2030 yearly 1990 - 2030
Forecast: Government Revenue (BHD bn) 4.133 2030 yearly 1990 - 2030
Domestic Public Debt Instruments: Outstanding (BHD mn) 19,156.800 Oct 2025 monthly Mar 2001 - Oct 2025
Government Budget: Net Surplus or Deficit (BHD mn) -828.041 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Government Budget: Revenue: Non Oil: Taxation and Fees (BHD mn) 920.775 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Net Government Debt: Outstanding (BHD mn) 17,888.799 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
BH: Central Government Debt: Total: % of GDP (%) 111.598 2020 yearly 1990 - 2020
BH: Net Lending (+) / Net Borrowing (-) (BHD mn) -1,670.781 2020 yearly 1990 - 2020
BH: Central Government Debt: Total (BHD mn) 15,037.787 2020 yearly 1990 - 2020
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) -0.117 2028 yearly 1996 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) 3,607.2 2024 yearly 1966 - 2024
Total Exports (USD mn) 6,272.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Total Exports Growth (%) 7.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2019 - Sep 2025
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 5,923,883.881 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 6,385.250 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 10,811.741 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Imports (USD mn) 5,304.7 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Total Imports Growth (%) 3.7 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2019 - Sep 2025
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 237,151.973 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 80,656.627 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 51.034 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1976 - Aug 2025
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 38.898 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1981 - Aug 2025
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 12.160 Aug 2025 monthly Nov 1994 - Aug 2025
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 169.515 Aug 2025 monthly Jan 1989 - Aug 2025
Exports (BHD mn) 2,358.800 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Imports (BHD mn) 1,995.000 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Exports: HS: Annual (BHD mn) 9,329.900 2023 yearly 1966 - 2023
Imports: Annual (BHD mn) 7,636.900 2023 yearly 1966 - 2023
Energy Imports: Value: Crude Oil: Annual (USD th) 4,740,525.000 2021 yearly 1978 - 2021
Energy Exports: Volume: Petroleum Products (Barrel th) 7,397.000 Dec 2021 monthly Jan 1990 - Dec 2021
Export Value Index (2015=100) 135.241 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Import Value Index (2015=100) 114.347 2021 yearly 1980 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 538.7 2024 yearly 1975 - 2024
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 813.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 3.9 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2025
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 2,872.7 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 0.6 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 1,703.622 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 20.9 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2025
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) -0.700 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 27,701.479 2024 yearly 1989 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Direct Investment (BHD mn) 877.780 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Net (BHD mn) -443.467 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Reserve Assets: Net (BHD mn) 92.500 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Other Investment: Net (BHD mn) -517.231 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account (BHD mn) 9.581 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: Errors and Omissions (BHD mn) -954.781 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Other Investment: Net: Liabilities (BHD mn) 1,394.797 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Net: Liabilities (BHD mn) 1,282.323 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Other Investment: Net: Assets (BHD mn) -1,912.028 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Net: Assets (BHD mn) -1,725.790 2024 yearly 2012 - 2024
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Direct Investment: Abroad (BHD mn) 238.400 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2025
Balance of Payments (BoP): Current Account (BHD mn) 1,015.000 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Services: Credit (BHD mn) 5,841.500 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income (BHD mn) -980.400 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Services (BHD mn) 1,303.800 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income: Credit (BHD mn) 1,859.800 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Goods (BHD mn) 1,693.000 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income: Debit (BHD mn) -2,840.200 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Services: Debit (BHD mn) -4,537.700 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: CF: Capital Account (BHD mn) 131.600 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income (BHD mn) -1,001.400 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income: Workers' Remittances (BHD mn) -1,001.400 2023 yearly 2012 - 2023
No of Registrations: New Enterprises (Unit) 11,913.000 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
BH: BOP: Net Errors and Omissions (USD mn) -494.681 2024 yearly 1975 - 2024
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 2.7 Mar 2025 semiannually Mar 2013 - Mar 2025
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 7,439.887 Sep 2025 monthly Dec 1974 - Sep 2025
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 37,512.929 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1974 - Oct 2025
M2 Growth (%) 0.4 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1975 - Oct 2025
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 5.0 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2008 - Oct 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 4,269.0 Jul 2025 monthly Oct 1965 - Jul 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 7.985 Jun 2025 quarterly Dec 2007 - Jun 2025
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 2.2 2024 yearly 1966 - 2024
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 6.648 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1966 - Oct 2025
Total Deposits (USD mn) 55,940.517 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Oct 2025
Total Deposits Growth (%) 2.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2002 - Oct 2025
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 60,131.0 Oct 2025 monthly Sep 1991 - Oct 2025
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 7.0 Oct 2025 monthly Sep 1992 - Oct 2025
Total Loans (USD mn) 33,893.724 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2025
Total Loans Growth (%) 4.79 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 2001 - Sep 2025
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 62.48 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2008 - Sep 2023
Currency in Circulation (BHD mn) 673.700 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3 (BHD mn) 16,017.200 Oct 2025 monthly Sep 1991 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3: M2 (BHD mn) 14,107.900 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1974 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3: M2: M1 (BHD mn) 2,843.600 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1974 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3: Domestic Assets: Claims on Private Sector (BHD mn) 12,185.738 Oct 2025 monthly Dec 1974 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3: Deposits: General Government (BHD mn) 1,909.300 Oct 2025 monthly Sep 1991 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3: Domestic Assets: Claims on Government (BHD mn) 12,337.700 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 1989 - Oct 2025
Money Supply: M3: M2: M1: Currency Outside Banks (BHD mn) 535.600 Nov 2018 monthly Jan 1989 - Nov 2018
Official Reserves (BHD mn) 1,708.300 Sep 2015 quarterly Mar 2003 - Sep 2015
Deposits: Retail Banks (BHD mn) 21,038.166 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Oct 2025

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