Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

1980 - 2023 | Monthly | 2005=100 | CEIC Data

Key information about Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

  • Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER: 2005=100: Month Avg: Bahrain) was 95.7 in Dec 2023, compared with the number of 96.5 in the previous month.
  • Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate data is updated monthly and averaged 223.3 from Jan 1980 to Dec 2023.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 223.3 in Feb 1985 and a record low of 83.1 in Jun 2011.

CEIC generates Real Effective Exchange Rate Index with base 2005=100. The International Monetary Fund provides Real Effective Exchange Rate with base 2010=100. CPI is used as a deflator. An increase in REER indicates reduced competitiveness for the reporting economy.


Related information about Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

  • In the latest reports, Bahrain Short Term Interest Rate: Quarterly Average: BHIBOR: 3 Months was reported at 5.4 % pa in Sep 2023.
  • The cash rate (Policy Rate: Month End: Deposit Rate: One Week) was set at 6.3 % pa in Dec 2023.
  • Bahrain Exchange Rate against USD averaged 0.4 (USD/BHD) in Jun 2023.

View Bahrain's Real Effective Exchange Rate from Jan 1980 to Dec 2023 in the chart:

Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate

What was Bahrain's Real Effective Exchange Rate in Dec 2023?

Bahrain Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER: 2005=100: Month Avg: Bahrain) was 95.7 in Dec 2023, compared with the number of 96.5 in the previous month. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
95.7 Dec 2023 96.5 Nov 2023 83.1 Jun 2011 223.3 Feb 1985 2005=100 monthly Jan 1980 - Dec 2023

Real Effective Exchange Rate by Country Comparison

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Includes Real Effective Exchange Rate on 92 economies standardised by CEIC. Instant access to full history data in excel.
country/region Last Frequency Range
Algeria (2005=100) 103.6 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Argentina (2005=100) 71.7 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1997 - Feb 2024
Armenia (2005=100) 216.2 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1997 - Dec 2023
Australia (2005=100) 103.4 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Austria (2005=100) 104.0 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Azerbaijan (2005=100) 150.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 2005 - Jan 2024
Bahrain (2005=100) 95.7 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1980 - Dec 2023
Bangladesh (2015-2016=100) 102.0 2023 yearly 2011 - 2023
Belarus (2005=100) 101.0 Dec 2014 monthly Jan 1996 - Dec 2014
Belgium (2005=100) 100.7 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Bolivia (2005=100) 53.5 Oct 2023 monthly Jan 1991 - Oct 2023
Bosnia and Herzegovina (2005=100) 98.4 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2005 - Dec 2023
Botswana (Dec2018=100) 97.1 Aug 2023 monthly Dec 2009 - Aug 2023
Brazil (2005=100) 94.3 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1988 - Dec 2023
Bulgaria (2005=100) 129.6 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1993 - Feb 2024
Canada (2005=100) 91.5 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1999 - Dec 2023
Chile (2005=100) 108.5 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1986 - Jan 2024
China (2005=100) 135.3 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Colombia (2005=100) 120.9 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1990 - Jan 2024
Croatia (2005=100) 101.5 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Cyprus (2005=100) 92.0 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Czech Republic (2005=100) 152.4 May 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - May 2023
Denmark (2005=100) 98.0 Sep 2023 monthly Jan 1970 - Sep 2023
Ecuador (2007=100) 110.3 Nov 2017 monthly Jan 2011 - Nov 2017
Estonia (2005=100) 141.2 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
European Union (2005=100) 91.9 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1993 - Feb 2024
Finland (2005=100) 94.3 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
France (2005=100) 91.4 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Georgia (2005=100) 140.5 Jan 2024 monthly Dec 1995 - Jan 2024
Germany (2005=100) 94.8 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Ghana (2005=100) 73.2 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1979 - Dec 2023
Greece (2005=100) 92.9 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Hong Kong SAR, China (2005=100) 109.6 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Hungary (2005=100) 99.7 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1990 - Dec 2023
Iceland (2005=100) 88.2 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1979 - Jan 2024
India (2005=100) 114.0 Jan 2024 monthly Apr 2004 - Jan 2024
Indonesia (2005=100) 113.6 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Iran (2005=100) 722.9 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1979 - Dec 2023
Ireland (2005=100) 84.5 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Israel (2005=100) 120.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Italy (2005=100) 94.5 Jun 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Jun 2023
Ivory Coast (2005=100) 96.8 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1979 - Dec 2023
Japan (2005=100) 56.9 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1970 - Jan 2024
Kazakhstan (2005=100) 97.0 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Dec 2023
Kenya (2005=100) 73.5 Aug 2015 monthly Oct 1997 - Aug 2015
South Korea (2005=100) 83.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Kosovo (Jan2007=100) 119.0 Jan 2024 monthly Dec 2006 - Jan 2024
Kyrgyzstan (2005=100) 137.2 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2000 - Dec 2023
Latvia (2005=100) 130.8 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Lithuania (2005=100) 133.0 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Luxembourg (2005=100) 99.0 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
North Macedonia (2005=100) 111.5 May 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - May 2023
Malawi (2010=100) 78.9 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1979 - Dec 2023
Malaysia (2005=100) 85.4 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Malta (2005=100) 97.2 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Mexico (2005=100) 90.4 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1968 - Dec 2023
Moldova (2005=100) 218.0 Dec 2023 monthly Nov 1993 - Dec 2023
Mongolia (2005=100) 119.4 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2000 - Dec 2023
Morocco (2005=100) 94.1 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1988 - Dec 2023
Netherlands (2005=100) 96.5 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
New Zealand (2005=100) 98.9 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1984 - Jan 2024
Nigeria (2005=100) 120.8 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1979 - Dec 2023
Norway (2005=100) 76.0 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Pakistan (2010=100) 98.8 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2013 - Dec 2023
Paraguay (2005=100) 69.9 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1995 - Dec 2023
Peru (2005=100) 93.3 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1991 - Jan 2024
Philippines (2005=100) 148.5 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2024
Poland (2005=100) 114.2 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Portugal (2005=100) 93.0 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Romania (2005=100) 111.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Russia (2005=100) 96.9 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Saudi Arabia (2005=100) 126.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Serbia (2005=100) 142.2 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 2002 - Jan 2024
Singapore (2005=100) 134.7 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Slovakia (2005=100) 137.7 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Slovenia (2005=100) 101.2 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1993 - Jan 2024
South Africa (2005=100) 84.4 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1970 - Dec 2023
Spain (2005=100) 96.8 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1993 - Dec 2023
Sri Lanka (2017=100) 73.0 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Jan 2024
Sweden (2005=100) 79.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Switzerland (2005=100) 117.7 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1973 - Jan 2024
Taiwan (2005=100) 93.8 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Thailand (2005=100) 118.3 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
Tunisia (2005=100) 81.3 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1979 - Dec 2023
Turkey (2005=100) 49.6 Oct 2023 monthly Jan 1994 - Oct 2023
Ukraine (2005=100) 85.3 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1992 - Dec 2023
United Arab Emirates (2005=100) 136.6 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1994 - Dec 2023
United Kingdom (2005=100) 86.2 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 1994 - Jan 2024
United States (Jan2006=100) 115.0 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2006 - Feb 2024
Uruguay (2005=100) 42.4 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 2000 - Jan 2024
Venezuela (2005=100) 0.8 Feb 2019 monthly Jan 1994 - Feb 2019
Zambia (2005=100) 109.6 Oct 2023 monthly Jan 2013 - Oct 2023

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Bahrain Key Series

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Includes 192 key indicators for Bahrain, curated by CEIC analysts. Instant access to full history data in excel.
Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -7.0 2021 yearly 1998 - 2021
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -2,726.698 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 1,433.199 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 5.2 2022 yearly 1990 - 2022
National Government Debt (USD mn) 40,419.0 Dec 2023 monthly Mar 2001 - Dec 2023
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 90.9 Sep 2023 quarterly Dec 2007 - Sep 2023
Forecast: Government Expenditure (BHD bn) 5.301 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Forecast: Government Net Debt (BHD bn) 27.382 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Forecast: Government Revenue (BHD bn) 3.417 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Government Budget: Net Surplus or Deficit (BHD mn) -1,025.459 2021 yearly 1990 - 2021
Government Budget: Revenue: Non Oil: Taxation and Fees (BHD mn) 871.600 2022 yearly 1990 - 2022
Net Government Debt: Outstanding (BHD mn) 10,730.785 2017 yearly 1995 - 2017
Domestic Public Debt Instruments: Outstanding (BHD mn) 15,200.800 Dec 2023 monthly Mar 2001 - Dec 2023
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) -0.117 2028 yearly 1996 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) 8,242.9 2022 yearly 1966 - 2022
Total Exports (USD mn) 6,023.2 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2023
Total Exports Growth (%) -12.6 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2019 - Sep 2023
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 8,454,414.513 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 6,009.875 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 2,319.416 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Imports (USD mn) 5,067.0 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2023
Total Imports Growth (%) -6.5 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2019 - Sep 2023
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 175,150.972 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 62,009.639 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 108.935 Nov 2023 monthly Jan 1976 - Nov 2023
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 144.207 Nov 2023 monthly Jan 1981 - Nov 2023
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 21.751 Nov 2023 monthly Nov 1994 - Nov 2023
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 170.483 Nov 2023 monthly Jan 1989 - Nov 2023
Exports (BHD mn) 2,265.200 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2023
Imports (BHD mn) 1,905.600 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2023
Energy Imports: Value: Crude Oil: Annual (USD th) 4,740,525.000 2021 yearly 1978 - 2021
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 1,947.5 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 569.0 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Jun 2023
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 15.2 Dec 2022 quarterly Mar 2018 - Dec 2022
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 532.1 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 2.5 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) -506.274 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) -4.7 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2018 - Sep 2023
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) 1.321 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 28,136.226 2022 yearly 1989 - 2022
BH: BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment: Assets (USD mn) 1,947.872 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 1,951.330 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BoP: Financial Account: Direct Investment (USD mn) -3.457 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 1,410.372 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BoP: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities: Debt Securities (USD mn) 4,163.231 2016 yearly 1975 - 2016
BH: BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income: Credit (USD mn) 0.000 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
Balance of Payments (BoP): Current Account (BHD mn) 2,571.300 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Goods (BHD mn) 3,100.000 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Services (BHD mn) 1,228.900 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Services: Credit (BHD mn) 5,409.900 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income: Credit (BHD mn) 1,558.400 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Services: Debit (BHD mn) -4,181.000 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income (BHD mn) -738.000 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income (BHD mn) -1,019.600 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Primary Income: Debit (BHD mn) -2,296.400 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Capital Account (BHD mn) 177.800 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account (BHD mn) -1,775.900 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Direct Investment (BHD mn) 1.300 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Other Investment: Net (BHD mn) -2,052.200 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Errors and Omissions (BHD mn) -973.200 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Net (BHD mn) 188.400 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Reserve Assets: Net (BHD mn) 86.600 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: Current Account: Secondary Income: Workers' Remittances (BHD mn) -1,019.600 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Net: Assets (BHD mn) -341.900 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Portfolio Investment: Net: Liabilities (BHD mn) 530.300 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Other Investment: Net: Assets (BHD mn) -1,912.300 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
BoP: CF: Financial Account: Other Investment: Net: Liabilities (BHD mn) -139.900 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
International Investment Position (IIP) (BHD mn) 10,581.500 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
IIP: Assets (BHD mn) 56,394.100 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
IIP: Liabilities (BHD mn) 45,812.600 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
No of Registrations: New Enterprises (Unit) 11,913.000 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
BH: BOP: Financial Account: Net (USD mn) 4,723.138 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Balance (USD mn) 6,838.564 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Net Trade: Goods (USD mn) 8,244.681 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Primary Income: Receipts (USD mn) 4,144.681 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Exports: Goods (USD mn) 30,193.883 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Primary Income: Payments (USD mn) 6,107.447 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Imports: Service (USD mn) 11,117.287 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
BH: BOP: Current Account: Imports: Goods (USD mn) 21,949.202 2022 yearly 1975 - 2022
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 3.0 Mar 2023 semiannually Mar 2013 - Mar 2023
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 8,133.886 Apr 2023 monthly Dec 1974 - Apr 2023
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 39,060.468 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1974 - Dec 2023
M2 Growth (%) 5.0 Dec 2023 monthly Dec 1975 - Dec 2023
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 5.0 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 2008 - Jan 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 3,154.0 Nov 2023 monthly Oct 1965 - Nov 2023
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 9.238 Sep 2023 quarterly Dec 2007 - Sep 2023
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 2.0 2022 yearly 1966 - 2022
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 6.648 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1966 - Dec 2023
Total Deposits (USD mn) 53,724.065 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2001 - Dec 2023
Total Deposits Growth (%) 6.3 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2002 - Dec 2023
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 54,429.5 Dec 2023 monthly Sep 1991 - Dec 2023
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 4.7 Dec 2023 monthly Sep 1992 - Dec 2023
Total Loans (USD mn) 30,836.442 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2000 - Sep 2023
Total Loans Growth (%) 0.41 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2001 - Sep 2023
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 66.77 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2008 - Sep 2023
Money Supply: M3: M2: M1: Currency Outside Banks (BHD mn) 535.600 Nov 2018 monthly Jan 1989 - Nov 2018
Official Reserves (BHD mn) 1,708.300 Sep 2015 quarterly Mar 2003 - Sep 2015

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