Jordan GDP Deflator Growth
Key information about Jordan GDP Deflator Growth
- Jordan GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) fell 0.4 % in Dec 2020, compared with a drop of 1.0 % in the previous quarter.
- Jordan GDP Deflator Growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1993 to Dec 2020, with an average rate of 2.4 %.
- The data reached an all-time high of 25.1 % in Sep 2008 and a record low of -3.4 % in Dec 1999.
CEIC calculates GDP Deflator Growth from quarterly Nominal and Real GDP. The Department of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency and Real GDP in local currency, at 2016 prices, based on SNA 2008. GDP Deflator Growth prior to Q1 2018 is calculated from Nominal GDP and Real GDP, at 1994 prices, based on SNA 1993.
Related information about Jordan GDP Deflator Growth
- In the latest reports, Jordan GDP contracted 1.6 % YoY in Dec 2020.
- Its Nominal GDP reached 11.6 USD bn in Dec 2020.
- Jordan GDP Per Capita reached 4,049.5 USD in Dec 2020.
- Its Gross Savings Rate was measured at 3.8 % in Dec 2019.
View Jordan's GDP Deflator Growth from Mar 1993 to Dec 2020 in the chart:
What was Jordan's GDP Deflator Growth in Dec 2020?
Jordan GDP deflator (implicit price deflator) fell 0.4 % in Dec 2020, compared with a drop of 1.0 % in the previous quarter. See the table below for more data.
Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
-0.4 Dec 2020 | -1.0 Sep 2020 | -3.4 Dec 1999 | 25.1 Sep 2008 | % | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Dec 2020 |
GDP Deflator Growth by Country Comparison
Buy Selected Data
country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Albania (%) | -0.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2010 - Dec 2020 |
Algeria (%) | -1.4 Mar 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2012 - Mar 2020 |
Argentina (%) | 35.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Dec 2020 |
Armenia (%) | 4.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Australia (%) | 1.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Sep 1960 - Dec 2020 |
Austria (%) | 0.9 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Azerbaijan (%) | -8.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2020 |
Bahrain (%) | -1.9 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2010 - Dec 2020 |
Bangladesh (%) | 4.5 2020 | yearly | 2007 - 2020 |
Belarus (%) | 12.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2006 - Dec 2020 |
Belgium (%) | 1.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Bolivia (%) | -2.0 Jun 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1991 - Jun 2020 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 0.6 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2009 - Dec 2020 |
Botswana (%) | 2.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Dec 2020 |
Brazil (%) | 5.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Dec 2020 |
Brunei (%) | -14.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Dec 2020 |
Bulgaria (%) | 4.6 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Cambodia (%) | 3.2 2019 | yearly | 1994 - 2019 |
Canada (%) | 1.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1962 - Dec 2020 |
Chile (%) | 9.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1991 - Dec 2020 |
China (%) | 2.4 Mar 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Mar 2021 |
Colombia (%) | 1.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Croatia (%) | 0.9 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Cyprus (%) | -2.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Czech Republic (%) | 4.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Dec 2020 |
Denmark (%) | 1.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Dec 2020 |
Ecuador (%) | -1.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Egypt (%) | 3.8 Sep 2020 | quarterly | Sep 2002 - Sep 2020 |
Estonia (%) | -0.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
European Union (%) | 1.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Finland (%) | 0.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1976 - Dec 2020 |
France (%) | -0.2 Mar 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1950 - Mar 2021 |
Georgia (%) | 7.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Dec 2020 |
Germany (%) | 4.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Dec 2021 |
Ghana (%) | 8.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Dec 2020 |
Greece (%) | -0.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | -1.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1974 - Dec 2020 |
Hungary (%) | 6.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Iceland (%) | 3.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
India (%) | 4.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Jun 2012 - Dec 2020 |
Indonesia (%) | -0.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Dec 2020 |
Iran (%) | 31.6 Sep 2020 | quarterly | Jun 1989 - Sep 2020 |
Ireland (%) | 2.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Israel (%) | 0.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Italy (%) | 1.6 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Dec 2020 |
Ivory Coast (%) | 0.1 2018 | yearly | 1966 - 2018 |
Japan (%) | 0.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1981 - Dec 2020 |
Jordan (%) | -0.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1993 - Dec 2020 |
Kazakhstan (%) | 4.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2004 - Dec 2020 |
Kenya (%) | 9.4 Sep 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2010 - Sep 2020 |
South Korea (%) | 2.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1961 - Dec 2020 |
Kosovo (%) | 0.6 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2020 |
Kuwait (%) | -10.0 Sep 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Sep 2020 |
Kyrgyzstan (%) | 6.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Laos (%) | 2.0 2019 | yearly | 2003 - 2019 |
Latvia (%) | 0.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Lebanon (%) | 5.5 2018 | yearly | 2005 - 2018 |
Lithuania (%) | 1.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Luxembourg (%) | 3.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Macau SAR, China (%) | -2.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2003 - Dec 2020 |
North Macedonia (%) | 2.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Malawi (%) | 7.7 2019 | yearly | 2003 - 2019 |
Malaysia (%) | -1.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Malta (%) | 1.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Mauritius (%) | 7.6 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2021 |
Mexico (%) | 4.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1981 - Dec 2020 |
Moldova (%) | 6.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2020 |
Mongolia (%) | 6.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2001 - Dec 2020 |
Montenegro (%) | 0.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2020 |
Morocco (%) | 1.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2008 - Dec 2020 |
Mozambique (%) | 4.5 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
Myanmar (%) | 6.3 2019 | yearly | 2011 - 2019 |
Nepal (%) | 7.3 2020 | yearly | 2002 - 2020 |
Netherlands (%) | 2.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Dec 2020 |
New Zealand (%) | 0.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Jun 1988 - Dec 2020 |
Nigeria (%) | 9.9 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2020 |
Norway (%) | -2.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1979 - Dec 2020 |
Oman (%) | -2.6 2019 | yearly | 1999 - 2019 |
Pakistan (%) | 9.3 2020 | yearly | 2001 - 2020 |
Palestinian Territory (%) | 4.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2012 - Dec 2020 |
Panama (%) | -3.9 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2008 - Dec 2020 |
Paraguay (%) | 4.0 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Dec 2020 |
Peru (%) | 6.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1991 - Dec 2020 |
Philippines (%) | 2.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1982 - Dec 2020 |
Poland (%) | 4.6 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Portugal (%) | 2.1 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Qatar (%) | -10.9 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2012 - Dec 2020 |
Romania (%) | 4.4 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Russia (%) | 5.5 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Saudi Arabia (%) | -5.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2020 |
Serbia (%) | 2.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1997 - Dec 2020 |
Singapore (%) | -3.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1976 - Dec 2020 |
Slovakia (%) | 2.2 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
Slovenia (%) | -0.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Dec 2020 |
South Africa (%) | 7.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1961 - Dec 2020 |
Spain (%) | 1.0 Mar 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Mar 2021 |
Sri Lanka (%) | 11.0 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 2011 - Dec 2021 |
Sudan (%) | 49.9 2019 | yearly | 1983 - 2019 |
Sweden (%) | 1.5 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1982 - Dec 2020 |
Switzerland (%) | -0.6 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1981 - Dec 2020 |
Accurate Macro & Micro Economic Data You Can Trust
Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.
Learn more about what we doJordan Key Series
Buy Selected Data
Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 3.528 2026 | yearly | 1980 - 2026 |
Trade Balance (USD mn) | -1,087.2 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Jan 2022 |
Total Exports (USD mn) | 813.8 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Jan 2022 |
Total Exports Growth (%) | 27.3 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1973 - Jan 2022 |
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 8,004.136 2020 | yearly | 1995 - 2020 |
Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 623,813.574 2020 | yearly | 1995 - 2020 |
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 17,076.450 2020 | yearly | 1995 - 2020 |
Total Imports (USD mn) | 1,901.0 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Jan 2022 |
Total Imports Growth (%) | 22.5 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1973 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 521,943.906 2020 | yearly | 1995 - 2020 |
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 162,750.635 2020 | yearly | 1995 - 2020 |
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 107.081 Nov 2020 | monthly | Jun 1986 - Nov 2020 |
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 111.382 Jan 2021 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Jan 2021 |
Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 8.921 Feb 2021 | monthly | Dec 1998 - Feb 2021 |
Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 209.112 Feb 2021 | monthly | Apr 1964 - Feb 2021 |
Exports (JOD th) | 639,900.000 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Feb 2022 |
Re-Exports (JOD th) | 63,200.000 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Feb 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: SITC: Beverages and Tobacco (JOD th) | 3,199.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: SITC: Manufactured Goods (MG) (JOD th) | 46,083.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: SITC: Food and Live Animals (JOD th) | 46,355.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: SITC: Chemicals (JOD th) | 167,542.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: SITC: Crude Materials, Inedible excl Fuels (JOD th) | 138,236.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: Palestine (JOD th) | 14,190.500 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: Lebanon (JOD th) | 3,786.300 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: Syria (JOD th) | 4,478.300 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: Libya (JOD th) | 2,243.500 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Exports: Domestic: Bahrain (JOD th) | 2,581.500 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: SITC: Food & Live Animals (JOD th) | 230,290.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: SITC: Crude Materials, Inedible excl Fuels (JOD th) | 36,449.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: SITC: Manufactured Goods (JOD th) | 212,260.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: SITC: Beverages and Tobacco (JOD th) | 10,860.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: SITC: Chemicals (JOD th) | 158,905.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: Egypt (JOD th) | 42,997.100 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: Germany (JOD th) | 55,547.900 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: United States of America (JOD th) | 108,777.600 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Imports (JOD th) | -1,412,800.000 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Feb 2022 |
Imports: Saudi Arabia (JOD th) | 125,918.400 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Imports: China (JOD th) | 233,078.400 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Jan 2022 |
Imports Volume Index: Mineral Fuels and Lubricants (1994=100) | 108.800 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports Volume Index: Domestic: Chemicals (1994=100) | 295.800 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports Volume Index: Domestic (1994=100) | 335.100 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Jan 2022 |
Imports Volume Index: Beverages and Tobacco (1994=100) | 545.000 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports Volume Index: Domestic: Food and Live Animals (1994=100) | 284.600 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports Volume Index: Domestic: Machinery and Transport Equipment (1994=100) | 210.800 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports Volume Index: Domestic: Manufactured Goods (1994=100) | 393.900 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports Volume Index: Machinery and Transport Equipment (1994=100) | 320.300 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports Volume Index: Manufactured Goods (1994=100) | 261.100 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports Volume Index: Food and Live Animals (1994=100) | 273.400 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Exports Volume Index: Domestic: Beverages and Tobacco (1994=100) | 981.500 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jan 2022 |
Imports Volume Index (1994=100) | 201.400 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Jan 2022 |
Balance of Payments | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) | 3.4 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Dec 2021 |
Current Account Balance (USD mn) | -938.9 Sep 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Sep 2021 |
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) | -7.8 Sep 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Sep 2021 |
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) | 164.2 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Dec 2021 |
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) | 1.3 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1992 - Dec 2021 |
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) | -43.724 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Mar 1977 - Dec 2021 |
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) | -10.7 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Dec 2020 |
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) | -7.8 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Dec 2020 |
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) | -1,234.274 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Dec 2020 |
External Debt (USD mn) | 39,188.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Dec 2021 |
External Debt: % of GDP (%) | 86.5 2021 | yearly | 1970 - 2021 |
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) | 17,194.9 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Dec 2021 |
External Debt: Short Term: % of GDP (%) | 38.0 2021 | yearly | 2000 - 2021 |
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) | -1.943 2027 | yearly | 1980 - 2027 |
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) | -47,886.106 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Dec 2010 - Dec 2020 |
IIP: Liabilities (JOD mn) | 56,870.481 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2010 - Dec 2021 |
International Investment Position (IIP) (JOD mn) | -35,011.349 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2010 - Dec 2021 |
IIP: Assets (JOD mn) | 21,859.132 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2010 - Dec 2021 |
Gross External Debt Position (JOD mn) | 27,784.900 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 2006 - Dec 2021 |
Central Government: External Public Debt: Outstanding: Foreign Currency: US Doll... (USD mn) | 15,211.700 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Jan 2022 |
Number of Registered Companies (Unit) | 363.000 Dec 2020 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Dec 2020 |
Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 5.4 2020 | yearly | 2001 - 2020 |
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 82.3 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2020 |
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 2,110.014 2020 | yearly | 2001 - 2020 |
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 18,309.309 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1990 - Jan 2022 |
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 55,873.484 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1990 - Jan 2022 |
M2 Growth (%) | 5.6 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 1991 - Feb 2022 |
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 12,321.2 Jan 2020 | monthly | Jan 1958 - Jan 2020 |
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 32.055 Dec 2021 | quarterly | Dec 1992 - Dec 2021 |
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 8.0 Jan 2022 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Jan 2022 |
Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 3,851.443 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 1965 - Feb 2022 |
Total Deposits (USD mn) | 55,791.961 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Feb 2022 |
Total Deposits Growth (%) | 4.6 Feb 2021 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2021 |
Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 61,835.5 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Feb 2022 |
Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 6.2 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Feb 2022 |
Household Debt (USD mn) | 38,347.1 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 2002 - Feb 2022 |
Total Loans (USD mn) | 41,125.247 Feb 2021 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Feb 2021 |
Total Loans Growth (%) | 6.02 Apr 2021 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Apr 2021 |
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 82.26 Dec 2020 | quarterly | Mar 2002 - Dec 2020 |
Money Supply: M2: M1 (JOD mn) | 12,889.300 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Feb 2022 |
Official Reserve Assets: USD (USD mn) | 19,042.200 Mar 2022 | monthly | Jan 1958 - Mar 2022 |
Deposits: Licensed Banks (JOD mn) | 39,556.500 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 2000 - Feb 2022 |
More Indicators for Jordan
Check out our pricing options.
Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.
View pricing optionsCEIC Flex
Entry level access to the CEIC platform for individual users. Download limits apply. Payable monthly by credit card.
CEIC Unlimited
Full and unlimited access to CEIC data for multiple users. Suitable for enterprise usage. Available via annual subscription to one or more of CEIC’s global and premium databases.