Slovakia Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: % of National Total
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: % of National Total data was reported at 30.638 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 27.165 % for 2021. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: % of National Total data is updated yearly, averaging 21.656 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 33.894 % in 1997 and a record low of 12.384 % in 2009. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: % of National Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 30.638 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: % of National Total from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 18.414 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 12.169 % for 2021. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 2.039 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 20.594 % in 2012 and a record low of -20.582 % in 1995. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 18.414 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data was reported at 5,635.400 FTE in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,759.058 FTE for 2021. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data is updated yearly, averaging 2,436.100 FTE from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,635.400 FTE in 2022 and a record low of 1,598.600 FTE in 2007. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 5,635.400 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry
SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry data was reported at 2.553 Per 1000 in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.261 Per 1000 for 2020. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 1.439 Per 1000 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.553 Per 1000 in 2021 and a record low of 0.929 Per 1000 in 2008. SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. For the SlovakRepublic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.;
Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':
R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.
The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:
It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.
Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2.553 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female
SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data was reported at 16.473 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 16.424 % for 2020. SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 20.542 % from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2021, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.394 % in 2005 and a record low of 15.357 % in 2016. SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 16.473 2021 | yearly | 2002 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female from 2002 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: Female
SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: Female data was reported at 1,147.000 Person in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 971.000 Person for 2020. SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 692.000 Person from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2021, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,147.000 Person in 2021 and a record low of 448.000 Person in 2009. SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1,147.000 2021 | yearly | 2002 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Business Enterprise Sector: Number of Researchers: Female from 2002 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Government Researchers: % of National Total
SK: Government Researchers: % of National Total data was reported at 17.751 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18.247 % for 2021. SK: Government Researchers: % of National Total data is updated yearly, averaging 21.815 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 38.472 % in 1996 and a record low of 17.751 % in 2022. SK: Government Researchers: % of National Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 17.751 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Government Researchers: % of National Total from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Government Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate
SK: Government Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 2.136 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.131 % for 2021. SK: Government Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 0.081 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.525 % in 2014 and a record low of -11.188 % in 2013. SK: Government Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2.136 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Government Researchers: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Government Sector: Number of Researchers: Total
SK: Government Sector: Number of Researchers: Total data was reported at 5,034.000 Person in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,900.000 Person for 2020. SK: Government Sector: Number of Researchers: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 3,404.000 Person from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,034.000 Person in 2021 and a record low of 2,706.000 Person in 2004. SK: Government Sector: Number of Researchers: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 5,034.000 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Government Sector: Number of Researchers: Total from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Government Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent
SK: Government Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data was reported at 4,287.200 FTE in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,211.151 FTE for 2021. SK: Government Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data is updated yearly, averaging 4,146.900 FTE from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,276.000 FTE in 1994 and a record low of 3,493.300 FTE in 2004. SK: Government Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 4,287.200 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Government Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Researchers: % of National Total
SK: Higher Education Researchers: % of National Total data was reported at 51.565 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 54.541 % for 2021. SK: Higher Education Researchers: % of National Total data is updated yearly, averaging 57.272 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67.462 % in 2011 and a record low of 36.082 % in 1994. SK: Higher Education Researchers: % of National Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 51.565 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Researchers: % of National Total from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent
SK: Higher Education Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data was reported at 9,484.700 FTE in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9,554.879 FTE for 2021. SK: Higher Education Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data is updated yearly, averaging 8,074.800 FTE from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10,339.200 FTE in 2011 and a record low of 3,698.000 FTE in 1994. SK: Higher Education Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 9,484.700 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female
SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data was reported at 47.146 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 46.483 % for 2020. SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 45.178 % from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2021, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 47.146 % in 2021 and a record low of 40.758 % in 2002. SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 47.146 2021 | yearly | 2002 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female from 2002 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Female
SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Female data was reported at 8,446.000 Person in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8,492.000 Person for 2021. SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 8,072.000 Person from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2022, with 21 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8,630.000 Person in 2018 and a record low of 4,117.000 Person in 2002. SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 8,492.000 2021 | yearly | 2002 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Female from 2002 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Total
SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Total data was reported at 18,012.000 Person in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 17,856.000 Person for 2020. SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 14,150.500 Person from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,676.000 Person in 2018 and a record low of 8,480.000 Person in 1994. SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 18,012.000 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Sector: Number of Researchers: Total from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate
SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -0.592 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of -3.509 % for 2021. SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 2.028 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.388 % in 2004 and a record low of -8.179 % in 1999. SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -0.592 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent
SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data was reported at 9,816.000 FTE in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9,874.446 FTE for 2021. SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data is updated yearly, averaging 8,608.700 FTE from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10,711.800 FTE in 2011 and a record low of 4,285.000 FTE in 1994. SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 9,816.000 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Higher Education Total R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female
SK: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data was reported at 40.742 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 41.149 % for 2020. SK: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 41.834 % from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2021, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 42.703 % in 2013 and a record low of 39.558 % in 2002. SK: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 40.742 2021 | yearly | 2002 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Number of Researchers: % of Total Researchers: Female from 2002 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Number of Researchers: Female
SK: Number of Researchers: Female data was reported at 12,239.000 Person in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 11,808.000 Person for 2020. SK: Number of Researchers: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 10,365.000 Person from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2021, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12,239.000 Person in 2021 and a record low of 6,086.000 Person in 2002. SK: Number of Researchers: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 12,239.000 2021 | yearly | 2002 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Number of Researchers: Female from 2002 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Number of Researchers: Total
SK: Number of Researchers: Total data was reported at 30,916.000 Person in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 30,040.000 Person for 2021. SK: Number of Researchers: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 19,814.000 Person from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30,916.000 Person in 2022 and a record low of 15,385.000 Person in 2002. SK: Number of Researchers: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 30,040.000 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Number of Researchers: Total from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: % of National Total
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: % of National Total data was reported at 36.954 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 35.849 % for 2020. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: % of National Total data is updated yearly, averaging 28.542 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 45.267 % in 1997 and a record low of 16.459 % in 2009. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: % of National Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. For the SlovakRepublic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 36.954 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: % of National Total from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 11.724 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.868 % for 2021. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 1.468 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.036 % in 2010 and a record low of -18.322 % in 2003. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 11.724 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data was reported at 9,230.700 FTE in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 8,262.049 FTE for 2021. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data is updated yearly, averaging 4,642.717 FTE from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,230.700 FTE in 2022 and a record low of 2,625.400 FTE in 2009. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 9,230.700 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Full-Time Equivalent from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry
SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data was reported at 4.433 Per 1000 in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.281 Per 1000 for 2020. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 2.702 Per 1000 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.478 Per 1000 in 1997 and a record low of 1.518 Per 1000 in 2009. SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. For the SlovakRepublic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.;
Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':
R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.
The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:
It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.
Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 4.433 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate
SK: Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 4.411 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of -0.210 % for 2021. SK: Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 1.006 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.017 % in 2010 and a record low of -9.793 % in 1999. SK: Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 4.411 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total R&D Personnel: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Labour Force
SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Labour Force data was reported at 8.135 Per 1000 in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.259 Per 1000 for 2020. SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Labour Force data is updated yearly, averaging 6.453 Per 1000 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 8.259 Per 1000 in 2020 and a record low of 5.090 Per 1000 in 2003. SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Labour Force data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. For the SlovakRepublic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 8.135 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Labour Force from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Total Employment
SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Total Employment data was reported at 9.617 Per 1000 in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.374 Per 1000 for 2021. SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Total Employment data is updated yearly, averaging 7.723 Per 1000 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.617 Per 1000 in 2022 and a record low of 6.481 Per 1000 in 2003. SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Total Employment data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 9.617 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Total Employment from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Total Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent
SK: Total Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data was reported at 18,393.500 FTE in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 17,518.843 FTE for 2021. SK: Total Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data is updated yearly, averaging 12,587.300 FTE from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,393.500 FTE in 2022 and a record low of 9,181.000 FTE in 2002. SK: Total Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For the Slovak Republic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.
Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 18,393.500 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Slovakia's SK: Total Researchers: Full-Time Equivalent from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
SK: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force
SK: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data was reported at 6.375 Per 1000 in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.369 Per 1000 for 2020. SK: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data is updated yearly, averaging 4.670 Per 1000 from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.375 Per 1000 in 2021 and a record low of 3.513 Per 1000 in 2002. SK: Total Researchers: Per Thousand Labour Force data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Slovakia – Table SK.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. For the SlovakRepublic, data before 1994 refer to the Research and Development Base (RDB) and cover the whole activity of institutions and not only R&D. Defence R&D was totally excluded until 1997 and only partially included thereafter.Since 2002, a new budget classification compatible with COFOG enables the identification of government budget allocations for defence R&D. The defence category includes R&D allocations for defence, safety, and security of the country. For earlier years, defence R&D was included in the GBARD total.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 6.375 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |