Poland Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual
PL: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP
PL: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 0.459 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.461 % for 2020. PL: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.199 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.531 % in 2019 and a record low of 0.164 % in 2006. PL: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.459 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP
PL: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.730 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.702 % for 2020. PL: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.237 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.730 % in 2021 and a record low of 0.163 % in 2003. PL: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.730 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector
PL: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data was reported at 50.971 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 50.636 % for 2020. PL: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 35.521 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53.193 % in 2018 and a record low of 24.415 % in 2010. PL: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 50.971 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: GERD Financed: Government
PL: GERD Financed: Government data was reported at 37.394 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 38.965 % for 2020. PL: GERD Financed: Government data is updated yearly, averaging 57.747 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.548 % in 2000 and a record low of 35.417 % in 2018. PL: GERD Financed: Government data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 37.394 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: GERD Financed: Government from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: GERD Financed: Rest of The World
PL: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data was reported at 8.173 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.177 % for 2020. PL: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data is updated yearly, averaging 5.621 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.742 % in 2015 and a record low of 1.348 % in 1994. PL: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 8.173 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: GERD Financed: Rest of The World from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector
PL: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector data was reported at 0.194 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.206 % for 2021. PL: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 0.245 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.441 % in 2016 and a record low of 0.017 % in 1994. PL: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.194 2022 | yearly | 1994 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector from 1994 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP
PL: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP data was reported at 661.188 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 573.060 % for 2021. PL: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 83.512 % from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2022, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 661.188 % in 2022 and a record low of 42.959 % in 1991. PL: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 661.188 2022 | yearly | 1990 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP from 1990 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
PL: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 7.261 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.465 % for 2021. PL: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 7.334 % from Dec 1991 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.120 % in 2018 and a record low of -21.839 % in 1991. PL: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 7.261 2022 | yearly | 1991 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1991 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GERD: Current PPP
PL: GERD: Current PPP data was reported at 25.011 USD bn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 21.869 USD bn for 2021. PL: GERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 3.184 USD bn from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2022, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25.011 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 1.637 USD bn in 1991. PL: GERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 25,010.756 2022 | yearly | 1990 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GERD: Current PPP from 1990 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector
PL: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data was reported at 3.534 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.689 % for 2020. PL: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 9.505 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.441 % in 1994 and a record low of 3.534 % in 2021. PL: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 3.534 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: GOVERD: % of GDP
PL: GOVERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.028 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.029 % for 2021. PL: GOVERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.207 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.271 % in 1993 and a record low of 0.017 % in 2019. PL: GOVERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.028 2022 | yearly | 1992 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GOVERD: % of GDP from 1992 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
PL: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 1.677 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.300 % for 2022. PL: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 3.517 % from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2023, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 59.575 % in 2020 and a record low of -25.203 % in 2019. PL: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.366 2022 | yearly | 1993 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1993 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GOVERD: Current PPP
PL: GOVERD: Current PPP data was reported at 483.249 USD mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 447.120 USD mn for 2021. PL: GOVERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 826.863 USD mn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.496 USD bn in 2015 and a record low of 226.200 USD mn in 2019. PL: GOVERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 483.249 2022 | yearly | 1992 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GOVERD: Current PPP from 1992 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p
PL: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 379.457 USD mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 374.345 USD mn for 2021. PL: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 1.202 USD bn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.496 USD bn in 2015 and a record low of 204.905 USD mn in 2019. PL: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 379.457 2022 | yearly | 1992 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p from 1992 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD)
PL: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data was reported at 863.723 PLN mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 770.294 PLN mn for 2021. PL: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 1,323.900 PLN mn from Dec 1987 (Median) to 2022, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,405.800 PLN mn in 2015 and a record low of 5.000 PLN mn in 1987. PL: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 863.723 2022 | yearly | 1987 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) from 1987 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP
PL: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.535 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.540 % for 2020. PL: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.398 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.540 % in 2020 and a record low of 0.317 % in 2006. PL: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.535 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Poland's PL: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
PL: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD)
PL: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data was reported at 44,702.389 PLN mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 37,675.849 PLN mn for 2021. PL: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 5,364.900 PLN mn from Dec 1987 (Median) to 2022, with 36 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 44,702.389 PLN mn in 2022 and a record low of 26.000 PLN mn in 1987. PL: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 44,702.389 2022 | yearly | 1987 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) from 1987 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: HERD: % of GDP
PL: HERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.465 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.496 % for 2021. PL: HERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.202 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.496 % in 2021 and a record low of 0.153 % in 1993. PL: HERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.465 2022 | yearly | 1992 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: HERD: % of GDP from 1992 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
PL: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -1.030 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9.553 % for 2021. PL: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 8.883 % from Dec 1993 (Median) to 2022, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.817 % in 2019 and a record low of -14.794 % in 2013. PL: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -1.030 2022 | yearly | 1993 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1993 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: HERD: Current PPP
PL: HERD: Current PPP data was reported at 7.999 USD bn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 7.580 USD bn for 2021. PL: HERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.221 USD bn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.999 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 369.278 USD mn in 1992. PL: HERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 7,998.980 2022 | yearly | 1992 - 2022 |
View Poland's PL: HERD: Current PPP from 1992 to 2022 in the chart:
PL: HERD: PPP: 2015p
PL: HERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 6.281 USD bn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 6.346 USD bn for 2021. PL: HERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 1.509 USD bn from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2022, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.346 USD bn in 2021 and a record low of 616.949 USD mn in 1992. PL: HERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Poland – Table PL.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Poland, in 2016, some units previously classified in the Government sector were reallocated to the Business sector. From 2013, improvements in R&D surveys enable the distribution of all expenditure by type of R&D, leading to a break in basic research series.
From reference year 2019 onwards, GBARD for GUF is derived from the Higher Education R&D survey, in which units now report on subsidies received from the ministry responsible for science and higher education, whereas these estimates came directly from this ministry before 2019. GBARD data exclude European Commission funds since 2012.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 6,280.966 2022 | yearly | 1992 - 2022 |