Norway NO: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry

Norway NO: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data was reported at 15.428 Per 1000 in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 15.028 Per 1000 for 2020. Norway NO: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 10.472 Per 1000 from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.428 Per 1000 in 2021 and a record low of 4.765 Per 1000 in 1981. Norway NO: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Norway – Table NO.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. In Norway, in 2007, a break in series occurs because of a change in compilation methods for health institutions. This affects both the Higher education sector (university hospitals) and Government sector (other hospitals).In 1995, the survey sample was revised to improve coverage of small firms (10 to 50 employees) and non-manufacturing industries. As of 1991, personnel in central administration units of higher education are not included, however the cost of such personnel is included in other current R&D expenditure (in line with the Frascati Manual). In 1987, own funds from Public enterprises were reclassified from funds from Government to the funds from the Business Enterprise sector.  As of 1989, R&D performed by PNP institutes has been included in the government sector.The growth in resources devoted to R&D in 1984 is due to the expansion of the scope of the Business Enterprise sector survey. Based on new information, the estimate for defence GBARD in 2019 was reduced by about 12% compared with the previous year. The decrease is due to updated information and not to changes in the appropriations. The method for compiling GBARD data changed in 1996.  The series have been revised retrospectively to exclude contract research, state enterprises and payments to the European Commission.;

Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

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