Luxembourg LU: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry

Luxembourg LU: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data was reported at 7.812 Per 1000 in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.371 Per 1000 for 2020. Luxembourg LU: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 10.857 Per 1000 from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2021, with 20 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.564 Per 1000 in 2000 and a record low of 7.812 Per 1000 in 2021. Luxembourg LU: Total Business Enterprise R&D Personnel: Per Thousand Employment In Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Luxembourg – Table LU.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. In Luxembourg, a better identification of R&D in software-related activities resulted in a break in series in 2012 for BERD (and GERD). From 2009, some budgetary items of the Ministry of Research and other ministries are no longer included in the government's own R&D funds. The impact on GOVERD is a drop of less than 7 million. The significant increase in R&D performed in the higher education sector in 2004 is due to the re-defined role of higher education in the national system of innovation and research, in particular the newly created University of Luxembourg.Government budget allocations for space programs and GUF are included from 2006.;

Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

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