Ireland Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual
IE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP
IE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 0.223 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.272 % for 2019. IE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.183 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.348 % in 2008 and a record low of 0.062 % in 1990. IE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.223 2021 | yearly | 1981 - 2021 |
View Ireland's IE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:
IE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP
IE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP data was reported at 0.963 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.111 % for 2021. IE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.148 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.614 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.623 % in 1983. IE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.963 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector
IE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data was reported at 55.525 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 66.054 % for 2019. IE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 53.251 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 67.353 % in 1995 and a record low of 37.714 % in 1981. IE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 55.525 2021 | yearly | 1981 - 2021 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:
IE: GERD Financed: Government
IE: GERD Financed: Government data was reported at 16.764 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 18.327 % for 2019. IE: GERD Financed: Government data is updated yearly, averaging 27.854 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.470 % in 1982 and a record low of 16.764 % in 2021. IE: GERD Financed: Government data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 16.764 2021 | yearly | 1981 - 2021 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD Financed: Government from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:
IE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors
IE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data was reported at 1.457 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.565 % for 2019. IE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data is updated yearly, averaging 1.659 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.319 % in 1988 and a record low of 1.063 % in 1982. IE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.457 2021 | yearly | 1981 - 2021 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:
IE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World
IE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data was reported at 26.255 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 14.054 % for 2019. IE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data is updated yearly, averaging 8.752 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.255 % in 2021 and a record low of 4.753 % in 1982. IE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 26.255 2021 | yearly | 1981 - 2021 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:
IE: GERD: % of GDP
IE: GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.963 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.111 % for 2021. IE: GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.148 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.614 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.623 % in 1983. IE: GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.963 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
IE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -5.150 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.621 % for 2021. IE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 6.649 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.230 % in 1993 and a record low of -5.150 % in 2022. IE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -5.150 2022 | yearly | 1982 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1982 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: GERD: PPP: 2015p
IE: GERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 5.347 USD bn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.637 USD bn for 2021. IE: GERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 2.029 USD bn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5.637 USD bn in 2021 and a record low of 415.278 USD mn in 1983. IE: GERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 5,346.647 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: GERD: PPP: 2015p from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector
IE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data was reported at 2.821 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.053 % for 2021. IE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 4.443 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 23.939 % in 1992 and a record low of 0.235 % in 2003. IE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 3.053 2021 | yearly | 1981 - 2021 |
View Ireland's IE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:
IE: GOVERD: Current PPP
IE: GOVERD: Current PPP data was reported at 232.198 USD mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 243.745 USD mn for 2022. IE: GOVERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 126.908 USD mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 243.745 USD mn in 2022 and a record low of 52.608 USD mn in 1991. IE: GOVERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 242.543 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: GOVERD: Current PPP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p
IE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 196.335 USD mn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 197.387 USD mn for 2021. IE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 167.474 USD mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 219.646 USD mn in 2008 and a record low of 95.215 USD mn in 1991. IE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 196.335 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD)
IE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data was reported at 178.617 EUR mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 178.967 EUR mn for 2022. IE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 125.300 EUR mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 178.967 EUR mn in 2022 and a record low of 40.632 EUR mn in 1991. IE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 178.967 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD)
IE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data was reported at 4,873.687 EUR mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,820.975 EUR mn for 2021. IE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 1,360.050 EUR mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,873.687 EUR mn in 2022 and a record low of 105.810 EUR mn in 1981. IE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 4,873.687 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: HERD: % of GDP
IE: HERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.180 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.155 % for 2022. IE: HERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.237 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.430 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.103 % in 1982. IE: HERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.160 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: HERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
IE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 9.629 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of -2.165 % for 2022. IE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 8.456 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2023, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.448 % in 1985 and a record low of -7.328 % in 2012. IE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -1.999 2022 | yearly | 1982 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1982 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: HERD: Current PPP
IE: HERD: Current PPP data was reported at 1.193 USD bn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.100 USD bn for 2022. IE: HERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 328.209 USD mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.193 USD bn in 2023 and a record low of 26.409 USD mn in 1981. IE: HERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1,094.445 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: HERD: Current PPP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: HERD: PPP: 2015p
IE: HERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 885.937 USD mn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 904.013 USD mn for 2021. IE: HERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 449.321 USD mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 993.617 USD mn in 2010 and a record low of 67.994 USD mn in 1981. IE: HERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Ireland, The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 885.937 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Ireland's IE: HERD: PPP: 2015p from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
IE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD)
IE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data was reported at 917.393 EUR mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 807.568 EUR mn for 2022. IE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 322.300 EUR mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 917.393 EUR mn in 2023 and a record low of 16.962 EUR mn in 1981. IE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ireland – Table IE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
For Ireland, the Central Statistics Office (CSO) submitted to Eurostat and OECD in 2024 exceptionally high estimates of Business R&D expenditure for 2022 and 2023. These estimates drew on data collected on in-house R&D expenditure from the Community Innovation Survey 2022 and Business Expenditure on Research and Development Survey 2023, which the CSO had confirmed with the relevant businesses. The OECD, following its customary review, recommended that the CSO reassess the estimates and source data according to Frascati Manual guidelines on large capital expenditures. The CSO conducted a further review and queried the relevant enterprises in more detail to clarify the classification of capital expenditure. Responses from the enterprises indicated that a significant part of the reported capital expenditure was for both R&D and other purposes. The CSO revised the data based on the revised responses and recalculated the national data for Ireland, submitting the revised estimates to Eurostat and OECD ahead of plans for domestic release in April 2025.
The methodology used by the higher education institutions to report their R&D figures was harmonized starting from reference year 2018, which resulted in a downward break in the HERD series. R&D personnel data in the Higher Education sector increased markedly in 2018 due to methodological improvements for reporting research-active permanent academic staff in technological universities and institutes of technology, and for assigning research time coefficients in third-level institutions. From 2012, data on researchers in the higher education sector include PhD students. As of 2000, personnel data in the government sector were surveyed in FTE. Prior to 2000, data were collected for human resources devoted to S&T in FTE, and the R&D expenditure to total S&T expenditure ratio was applied.
The government data were revised back to 1992, as some government expenditures are no longer classified as R&D.
Prior to 2004, EU funds were included in GBARD data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 807.568 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |