Slovakia Producer Price Index Growth
Key information about Slovakia Producer Price Index Growth
- Slovakia Producer Price Index (PPI) grew 8.4 % YoY in May 2023, compared with a growth of 7.3 % YoY in the previous month.
- Slovakia Producer Price Index data is updated monthly, available from Jan 1994 to May 2023, with an average change of 2.9 % YoY.
- The data reached an all-time high of 35.8 % YoY in Sep 2022 and a record low of -8.7 % YoY in May 2009.
CEIC calculates Producer Price Index Growth from monthly Producer Price Index. The Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic provides Producer Price Index with base December 2015=100. Producer Price Index Growth covers Industrial sector only and excludes Value Added Tax and Excise duties. Producer Price Index Growth prior to January 2014 is calculated from Producer Price Index with base December 2010=100. Producer Price Index Growth prior to January 2012 is calculated from Producer Price Index sourced from International Monetary Fund.
View Slovakia's Producer Price Index Growth from Jan 1994 to May 2023 in the chart:
What was Slovakia's Producer Price Index Growth in May 2023?
Slovakia Producer Price Index (PPI) grew 8.4 % YoY in May 2023, compared with a growth of 7.3 % YoY in the previous month. See the table below for more data.
Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8.4 May 2023 | 7.3 Apr 2023 | -8.7 May 2009 | 35.8 Sep 2022 | % | monthly | Jan 1994 - May 2023 |
Producer Price Index Growth by Country Comparison
Buy Selected Data
country/region | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Albania (%) | -3.2 Dec 2020 | monthly | Apr 2015 - Dec 2020 |
Algeria (%) | -3.9 Sep 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1998 - Sep 2023 |
Argentina (%) | 305.6 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 1995 - Feb 2024 |
Armenia (%) | -3.3 Apr 2023 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Apr 2023 |
Australia (%) | 5.2 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Sep 1999 - Mar 2023 |
Austria (%) | 16.7 Dec 2021 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Dec 2021 |
Azerbaijan (%) | -22.4 May 2023 | monthly | Dec 2005 - May 2023 |
Bangladesh (%) | 5.5 Sep 2022 | monthly | Jul 2016 - Sep 2022 |
Belarus (%) | 0.3 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2001 - May 2023 |
Belgium (%) | -5.7 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1958 - May 2023 |
Bolivia (%) | 1.8 2014 | yearly | 1992 - 2014 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) | 1.7 May 2023 | monthly | Dec 2007 - May 2023 |
Botswana (%) | -15.8 Sep 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2019 - Sep 2023 |
Brazil (%) | -11.5 Jul 2023 | monthly | Aug 1995 - Jul 2023 |
Bulgaria (%) | -6.7 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2006 - May 2023 |
Canada (%) | -1.7 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 1957 - Feb 2024 |
Chile (%) | 5.7 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2010 - Feb 2024 |
China (%) | -4.6 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1993 - May 2023 |
Colombia (%) | -4.4 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1958 - Mar 2024 |
Croatia (%) | 2.5 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1996 - May 2023 |
Cyprus (%) | 7.3 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2001 - May 2023 |
Czech Republic (%) | 3.6 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1991 - May 2023 |
Denmark (%) | -1.3 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2024 |
Ecuador (%) | 2.7 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Mar 2024 |
Egypt (%) | 44.9 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Feb 2024 |
Estonia (%) | 0.8 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1995 - May 2023 |
European Union (%) | -1.6 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1997 - May 2023 |
Finland (%) | -6.5 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1971 - May 2023 |
France (%) | 3.4 May 2023 | monthly | Dec 1990 - May 2023 |
Georgia (%) | -5.8 May 2023 | monthly | Jun 1998 - May 2023 |
Germany (%) | 1.0 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1977 - May 2023 |
Ghana (%) | 46.0 Aug 2022 | monthly | Oct 2007 - Aug 2022 |
Greece (%) | -12.9 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1996 - May 2023 |
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) | 2.7 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 1991 - Dec 2023 |
Hungary (%) | 11.2 May 2023 | monthly | Jun 1978 - May 2023 |
Iceland (%) | -2.8 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Jun 2023 |
India (%) | 0.2 Feb 2024 | monthly | Apr 1995 - Feb 2024 |
Indonesia (%) | 3.9 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jan 1972 - Jun 2023 |
Iran (%) | 52.9 Jan 2019 | monthly | Jun 2002 - Jan 2019 |
Ireland (%) | -1.1 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1958 - May 2023 |
Israel (%) | 0.0 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 1978 - Feb 2024 |
Italy (%) | -4.3 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1982 - May 2023 |
Ivory Coast (%) | 12.7 Feb 2022 | monthly | Dec 2019 - Feb 2022 |
Japan (%) | 5.1 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1961 - May 2023 |
Jordan (%) | -1.8 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Feb 2024 |
Kazakhstan (%) | -6.5 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jan 1996 - Jun 2023 |
Kenya (%) | 15.8 Dec 2022 | quarterly | Jun 2012 - Dec 2022 |
South Korea (%) | 0.6 May 2023 | monthly | Jul 1911 - May 2023 |
Kosovo (%) | 2.7 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2009 - Dec 2023 |
Kuwait (%) | 1.9 Dec 2023 | monthly | Jan 1974 - Dec 2023 |
Kyrgyzstan (%) | 14.3 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1994 - May 2023 |
Latvia (%) | -7.9 Feb 2024 | monthly | Dec 1994 - Feb 2024 |
Lithuania (%) | -5.6 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1997 - May 2023 |
Luxembourg (%) | -1.2 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1981 - May 2023 |
North Macedonia (%) | 5.9 May 2023 | monthly | Dec 2003 - May 2023 |
Malawi (%) | 30.6 Dec 2022 | monthly | Jan 2020 - Dec 2022 |
Malaysia (%) | 0.3 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Feb 2024 |
Mauritius (%) | 1.2 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2014 - Feb 2024 |
Mexico (%) | 1.9 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1970 - Mar 2024 |
Moldova (%) | 15.0 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2008 - May 2023 |
Mongolia (%) | 3.2 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2011 - Mar 2024 |
Montenegro (%) | 5.5 Dec 2023 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Dec 2023 |
Morocco (%) | -0.9 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Feb 2024 |
Mozambique (%) | -5.2 Mar 2023 | monthly | Jun 2012 - Mar 2023 |
Nepal (%) | 5.7 Jun 2022 | quarterly | Sep 2016 - Jun 2022 |
Netherlands (%) | -4.9 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1982 - May 2023 |
New Zealand (%) | 5.3 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Dec 1978 - Mar 2023 |
Norway (%) | -23.5 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1978 - May 2023 |
Oman (%) | 1.1 Mar 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2008 - Mar 2023 |
Pakistan (%) | 22.4 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jul 1962 - Jun 2023 |
Palestinian Territory (%) | 28.5 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2012 - Feb 2024 |
Panama (%) | 0.4 Feb 2024 | quarterly | Feb 2018 - Feb 2024 |
Paraguay (%) | -3.1 Feb 2024 | monthly | Dec 1996 - Feb 2024 |
Peru (%) | -2.9 Apr 2023 | monthly | Jan 2017 - Apr 2023 |
Philippines (%) | 2.0 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1994 - May 2023 |
Poland (%) | 11.3 May 2023 | monthly | Jun 1986 - May 2023 |
Portugal (%) | -2.3 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Feb 2024 |
Qatar (%) | -8.6 Feb 2024 | monthly | Apr 2015 - Feb 2024 |
Romania (%) | 7.7 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1991 - May 2023 |
Russia (%) | 19.5 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Feb 2024 |
Saudi Arabia (%) | 22.4 2011 | yearly | 1969 - 2011 |
Serbia (%) | 1.2 Jun 2023 | monthly | Feb 2004 - Jun 2023 |
Singapore (%) | -8.2 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1975 - May 2023 |
Slovakia (%) | 8.4 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1994 - May 2023 |
Slovenia (%) | 6.6 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 2001 - May 2023 |
South Africa (%) | 4.7 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2013 - Jan 2024 |
Spain (%) | -6.9 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1975 - May 2023 |
Sri Lanka (%) | -2.1 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2015 - Feb 2024 |
Sweden (%) | -1.7 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1972 - May 2023 |
Switzerland (%) | 2.0 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1964 - May 2023 |
Syria (%) | 58.4 2021 | yearly | 2013 - 2021 |
Taiwan (%) | 7.1 Dec 2022 | monthly | Jan 1953 - Dec 2022 |
Tajikistan (%) | 24.1 Jan 2024 | monthly | Dec 1995 - Jan 2024 |
Thailand (%) | -6.6 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jan 1958 - Jun 2023 |
Tunisia (%) | 1.5 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Jun 2023 |
Turkey (%) | 40.4 Jun 2023 | monthly | Jan 1987 - Jun 2023 |
Ukraine (%) | 53.5 Feb 2022 | monthly | Jan 1996 - Feb 2022 |
United Arab Emirates (%) | 4.7 Mar 2021 | quarterly | Mar 2016 - Mar 2021 |
United Kingdom (%) | 2.8 May 2023 | monthly | Jan 1958 - May 2023 |
Accurate Macro & Micro Economic Data You Can Trust
Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.
Learn more about what we doSlovakia Key Series
Buy Selected Data
Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -6.2 2020 | yearly | 1995 - 2020 |
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | -1,040.694 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 1,387.121 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 15.6 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2005 - Dec 2023 |
National Government Debt (USD mn) | 75,313.8 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2023 |
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 59.5 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2023 |
Forecast: Government Expenditure (EUR bn) | 67.698 2028 | yearly | 1995 - 2028 |
Forecast: Government Net Debt (EUR bn) | 101.199 2028 | yearly | 1995 - 2028 |
Forecast: Government Revenue (EUR bn) | 61.375 2028 | yearly | 1995 - 2028 |
State Budget: Expenditure: ytd: Capital (EUR mn) | 278.000 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
State Budget: Revenue (EUR mn) | 1,359.800 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Mar 2024 |
State Budget: Expenditure: ytd: Current (EUR mn) | 6,244.100 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
State Budget: Revenue: ytd: Tax: GS: Value Added (EUR mn) | 2,164.900 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
State Budget: Deficit or Surplus (EUR mn) | -957.400 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
State Budget: Expenditure (EUR mn) | 2,294.000 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Mar 2024 |
State Budget: Revenue: ytd: Tax: GS: Excise (EUR mn) | 646.000 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Mar 2024 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated (EUR th) | 68,968,710.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated: Domestic (EUR th) | 33,706,882.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated: Domestic: Short Term (EUR th) | 425,531.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated: Domestic: Long Term (EUR th) | 33,281,351.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated: Foreign (EUR th) | 35,261,828.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated: Foreign: Short Term (EUR th) | 13,058.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
General Government Debt: Consolidated: Foreign: Long Term (EUR th) | 35,248,770.000 Jun 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2007 - Jun 2023 |
Foreign Trade | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) | 2.930 2028 | yearly | 1994 - 2028 |
Trade Balance (USD mn) | 700.9 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Total Exports (USD mn) | 9,492.5 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Total Exports Growth (%) | -3.4 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Feb 2024 |
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) | 874,262.347 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
Exports: Medicament (USD th) | 606,180.596 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 122,718.056 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
Total Imports (USD mn) | 8,791.6 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Total Imports Growth (%) | -8.3 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2005 - Feb 2024 |
Imports: Medicament (USD th) | 1,974,931.274 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) | 760,895.527 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) | 335.789 Jan 2024 | monthly | Sep 1995 - Jan 2024 |
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) | 97.876 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Jan 2024 |
Total Exports to China (USD mn) | 225.076 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 1993 - Jan 2024 |
Total Imports from China (USD mn) | 599.172 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR (EUR mn) | 8,145.665 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Trade Balance: EUR (EUR mn) | 649.411 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Exports: EUR (EUR mn) | 8,795.077 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Exports: EUR: ytd: Machinery and Electronic Equipment (EUR th) | 2,492,748.081 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: ytd: Mineral Products (EUR th) | 386,041.202 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: ytd: Base Metals and Base Metal Products (EUR th) | 809,526.599 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: ytd: Vehicles and Transport Equipment (EUR th) | 2,700,106.769 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: Live Animals and Animal Products (EUR th) | 68,879.838 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: Mineral Products (EUR th) | 386,041.202 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: Base Metals and Base Metal Products (EUR th) | 809,526.599 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: Machinery and Electronic Equipment (EUR th) | 2,492,748.081 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: Vehicles and Transport Equipment (EUR th) | 2,700,106.769 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: Russian Federation (EUR mn) | 17.410 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Exports: EUR: China (EUR mn) | 206.511 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: ytd: Vehicles and Transport Equipment (EUR th) | 1,403,563.262 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: ytd: Mineral Products (EUR th) | 939,916.744 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: ytd: Base Metals and Base Metal Products (EUR th) | 698,627.639 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: ytd: Machinery and Electronic Equipment (EUR th) | 2,386,393.963 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: Live Animals and Animal Products (EUR th) | 146,248.666 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: Mineral Products (EUR th) | 939,916.744 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: Base Metals and Base Metal Products (EUR th) | 698,627.639 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: Machinery and Electronic Equipment (EUR th) | 2,386,393.963 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: Vehicles and Transport Equipment (EUR th) | 1,403,563.262 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2018 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: USA (EUR mn) | 89.803 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports: EUR: Russian Federation (EUR mn) | 525.673 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2008 - Jan 2024 |
Imports Volume Index (Prev Year=100) | 97.000 2023 | yearly | 1998 - 2023 |
Monetary | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) | 2.0 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2009 - Feb 2024 |
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) | 46.7 Sep 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2004 - Sep 2023 |
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) | 1,789.077 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2009 - Feb 2024 |
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) | 74,818.474 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2003 - Feb 2024 |
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) | 93,481.263 Feb 2024 | monthly | Dec 2000 - Feb 2024 |
M2 Growth (%) | 3.7 Feb 2024 | monthly | Dec 2001 - Feb 2024 |
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) | 1.0 Jul 2021 | monthly | Jan 1999 - Jul 2021 |
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) | 8,127.8 Mar 2024 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Mar 2024 |
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) | 5.217 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Dec 1999 - Dec 2023 |
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) | 0.9 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2004 - Feb 2024 |
Gold Reserves (USD mn) | 2,065.829 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1993 - Mar 2024 |
Total Deposits (USD mn) | 97,767.620 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2015 - Feb 2024 |
Total Deposits Growth (%) | 0.8 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2016 - Feb 2024 |
Domestic Credit (USD mn) | 116,704.7 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Jan 2024 |
Domestic Credit Growth (%) | 2.3 Jan 2024 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Jan 2024 |
Household Debt (USD mn) | 58,762.6 Sep 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2004 - Sep 2023 |
Total Loans (USD mn) | 104,743.253 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Feb 2024 |
Total Loans Growth (%) | 2.53 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Feb 2024 |
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 61.90 Dec 2023 | quarterly | Mar 2009 - Dec 2023 |
Monetary Aggregates in Euro Area: Slovakia Contribution (SC): M3 (EUR mn) | 87,499.136 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Feb 2024 |
Monetary Agg in Euro Area: SC: M3: M2 (EUR mn) | 86,500.660 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Feb 2024 |
Monetary Agg in Euro Area: SC: M3: M2: M1 (EUR mn) | 69,231.493 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2006 - Feb 2024 |
Official Reserve Assets: Foreign Currency (FC): Convertible (EUR mn) | 7,532.000 Mar 2024 | monthly | Dec 1999 - Mar 2024 |
Official Reserve Assets (EUR mn) | 11,397.000 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 2009 - Mar 2024 |
Official Reserve Assets: Gold: incl Gold Deposits and Gold Swapped (GD) (EUR mn) | 1,178.400 Mar 2019 | monthly | Jan 2009 - Mar 2019 |
MFI: Loans Granted: OA: Domestic: Households (EUR th) | 50,722,917.000 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 2015 - Feb 2024 |
Business and Economic Survey | Last | Frequency | Range |
---|---|---|---|
Business Confidence Growth (% Point) | 0.0 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1994 - Mar 2024 |
Construction Confidence Indicator: Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (% Point) | -11.000 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1993 - Mar 2024 |
Retail Trade Confidence Indicator: Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (% Point) | 5.300 Mar 2024 | monthly | Jan 1994 - Mar 2024 |
Services Confidence Indicator: Seasonally Adjusted (sa) (% Point) | 30.700 Feb 2024 | monthly | Jan 1997 - Feb 2024 |
More Indicators for Slovakia
Request a demo of CEIC
CEIC’s economic databases cover over 200 global markets. Our Platform offers the most reliable macroeconomic data and advanced analytical tools.