Greece GR: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD)
Greece GR: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data was reported at 3,084.820 EUR mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,645.942 EUR mn for 2021. Greece GR: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 1,339.600 EUR mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,084.820 EUR mn in 2022 and a record low of 12.570 EUR mn in 1981. Greece GR: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Greece – Table GR.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Greece, in 2011, the following methodological improvements resulted in a break in series: in the business enterprise sector, a new population frame was defined to cover all R&D-performing firms; in the government sector, the coverage was extended to also cover public hospitals as well as all institutions administered by the Ministry of Culture; in the higher education sector, all Technological Educational Institutes (TEI) and post-secondary establishments were included. These methodological changes were also applied to estimate the total GERD, BERD, GOVERD, and HERD between 2008 and 2010.
The methods for estimating R&D in the Higher Education sector changed in 1983, 1989, and 1995.
From 2008, GBARD data are exclusively based on R&D funders. Part of the increase in 2008 is also explained by a better identification of GBARD for cultural and archaeological activities.
View Greece's Greece GR: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
What was Greece's Greece GR: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) in 2022?
| Last | Previous | Min | Max | Unit | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,084.820 2022 | 2,645.942 2021 | 12.570 1981 | 3,084.820 2022 | EUR mn | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
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| National Accounts | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forecast: GDP PPP Per Capita (PPP Intl $) | 53,626.717 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Nominal GDP Per Capita (USD) | 25,227.650 2027 | yearly | 1980 - 2027 |
| Forecast: Real GDP Growth (%) | 1.355 2027 | yearly | 1980 - 2027 |
| GDP Deflator Growth (%) | 3.4 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Jun 2025 |
| GDP per Capita (USD) | 24,733.727 2024 | yearly | 1960 - 2024 |
| Gross Fixed Capital Formation (USD mn) | 10,809.718 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Gross National Product (GNP) (USD mn) | 251,437.708 2024 | yearly | 1960 - 2024 |
| Gross Savings Rate (%) | 15.7 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Sep 2025 |
| Investment: % of GDP (%) | 14.5 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Nominal GDP (USD mn) | 70,361.9 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Nominal GDP Growth (%) | 5.193 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Jun 2025 |
| Private Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) | 48,673.085 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Private Consumption: % of GDP (%) | 70.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Public Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) | 13,504.111 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Sep 2025 |
| Public Consumption: % of GDP (%) | 16.5 Sep 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Sep 2025 |
| Real GDP Growth (%) | 1.7 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1996 - Jun 2025 |
| Total Trade of Goods & Services: % of Nominal GDP (%) | 83.822 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1995 - Jun 2025 |
| Production | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gold Production (kg) | 3,000.000 2023 | yearly | 2007 - 2023 |
| Industrial Production Index Growth (%) | 6.8 Sep 2025 | monthly | Jan 1991 - Sep 2025 |
| Minerals Production (Metric Ton) | 15,194,479.000 2023 | yearly | 2009 - 2023 |
| Silver Production (Metric Ton) | 42.988 2023 | yearly | 1986 - 2023 |
| Sales, Orders, Inventory & Shipments | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| New Orders Growth (%) | -7.5 Dec 2013 | monthly | Jan 2001 - Dec 2013 |
| Construction and Properties | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| House Prices Growth (%) | 7.3 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Nominal Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) | 115.201 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) | 7.313 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Real Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) | 94.732 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Real Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) | 4.796 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 2000 - Jun 2025 |
| Building Permits (Unit) | 1,914.000 Aug 2025 | monthly | Jan 2007 - Aug 2025 |
| Government and Public Finance | Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) | -1.3 Dec 2018 | monthly | Apr 1999 - Dec 2018 |
| Forecast: Government Expenditure (EUR bn) | 145.865 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Net Debt (EUR bn) | 394.346 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Forecast: Government Revenue (EUR bn) | 141.673 2030 | yearly | 1980 - 2030 |
| Government Debt: % of GDP (%) | 151.2 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| National Government Debt (USD mn) | 433,852.8 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Dec 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Tax Revenue (USD mn) | 20,837.557 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) | 2,257.676 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
| Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) | 29.6 Jun 2025 | quarterly | Mar 1999 - Jun 2025 |
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