Canada Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual
CA: BERD Financed: Government
CA: BERD Financed: Government data was reported at 6.502 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.500 % for 2022. CA: BERD Financed: Government data is updated yearly, averaging 5.998 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.806 % in 1984 and a record low of 2.089 % in 2007. CA: BERD Financed: Government data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 6.502 2023 | yearly | 1981 - 2023 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Financed: Government from 1981 to 2023 in the chart:
CA: BERD Financed: Higher Education And PNP Sectors
CA: BERD Financed: Higher Education And PNP Sectors data was reported at 0.844 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.843 % for 2022. CA: BERD Financed: Higher Education And PNP Sectors data is updated yearly, averaging 0.843 % from Dec 2014 (Median) to 2023, with 10 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.482 % in 2017 and a record low of 0.224 % in 2020. CA: BERD Financed: Higher Education And PNP Sectors data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.844 2023 | yearly | 2014 - 2023 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Financed: Higher Education And PNP Sectors from 2014 to 2023 in the chart:
CA: BERD Financed: Rest of The World
CA: BERD Financed: Rest of The World data was reported at 17.365 % in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 17.365 % for 2022. CA: BERD Financed: Rest of The World data is updated yearly, averaging 16.917 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28.431 % in 2000 and a record low of 7.439 % in 1981. CA: BERD Financed: Rest of The World data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 17.365 2023 | yearly | 1981 - 2023 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Financed: Rest of The World from 1981 to 2023 in the chart:
CA: BERD Performed: Aerospace Industry
CA: BERD Performed: Aerospace Industry data was reported at 2.529 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.779 % for 2020. CA: BERD Performed: Aerospace Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 7.124 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.027 % in 1997 and a record low of 2.529 % in 2021. CA: BERD Performed: Aerospace Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2.529 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Performed: Aerospace Industry from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
CA: BERD Performed: Computer, Electronic And Optical Industry
CA: BERD Performed: Computer, Electronic And Optical Industry data was reported at 5.200 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.460 % for 2020. CA: BERD Performed: Computer, Electronic And Optical Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 16.513 % from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.833 % in 2000 and a record low of 5.200 % in 2021. CA: BERD Performed: Computer, Electronic And Optical Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 5.200 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Performed: Computer, Electronic And Optical Industry from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
CA: BERD Performed: Current PPP: Aerospace Industry
CA: BERD Performed: Current PPP: Aerospace Industry data was reported at 584.726 USD mn in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 547.563 USD mn for 2020. CA: BERD Performed: Current PPP: Aerospace Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 793.845 USD mn from Dec 1994 (Median) to 2021, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.318 USD bn in 2014 and a record low of 502.238 USD mn in 1994. CA: BERD Performed: Current PPP: Aerospace Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 584.726 2021 | yearly | 1994 - 2021 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Performed: Current PPP: Aerospace Industry from 1994 to 2021 in the chart:
CA: BERD Performed: Service Industries
CA: BERD Performed: Service Industries data was reported at 66.519 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 65.367 % for 2020. CA: BERD Performed: Service Industries data is updated yearly, averaging 38.454 % from Dec 1987 (Median) to 2021, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66.519 % in 2021 and a record low of 23.316 % in 1988. CA: BERD Performed: Service Industries data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 66.519 2021 | yearly | 1987 - 2021 |
View Canada's CA: BERD Performed: Service Industries from 1987 to 2021 in the chart:
CA: BERD: % of Value Added
CA: BERD: % of Value Added data was reported at 1.365 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.488 % for 2021. CA: BERD: % of Value Added data is updated yearly, averaging 1.479 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.881 % in 2001 and a record low of 0.863 % in 1981. CA: BERD: % of Value Added data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions' own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included). From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.;
Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':
R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.
The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:
It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.
Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.365 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Canada's CA: BERD: % of Value Added from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
CA: BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
CA: BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -2.499 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.157 % for 2021. CA: BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 3.490 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.313 % in 2000 and a record low of -7.213 % in 2002. CA: BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -2.499 2022 | yearly | 1982 - 2022 |
View Canada's CA: BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1982 to 2022 in the chart:
CA: BERD: Current PPP
CA: BERD: Current PPP data was reported at 24.715 USD bn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 24.241 USD bn for 2022. CA: BERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 11.498 USD bn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 43 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.715 USD bn in 2023 and a record low of 1.873 USD bn in 1981. CA: BERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 24,715.193 2023 | yearly | 1981 - 2023 |
View Canada's CA: BERD: Current PPP from 1981 to 2023 in the chart:
CA: Business-Financed BERD: % of Value Added
CA: Business-Financed BERD: % of Value Added data was reported at 1.024 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.116 % for 2021. CA: Business-Financed BERD: % of Value Added data is updated yearly, averaging 1.129 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.459 % in 2002 and a record low of 0.671 % in 1983. CA: Business-Financed BERD: % of Value Added data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual. In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions' own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included). From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.024 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Canada's CA: Business-Financed BERD: % of Value Added from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
CA: Business-Financed BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
CA: Business-Financed BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -2.500 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.292 % for 2021. CA: Business-Financed BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 2.309 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.682 % in 2001 and a record low of -8.714 % in 1983. CA: Business-Financed BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -2.500 2022 | yearly | 1982 - 2022 |
View Canada's CA: Business-Financed BERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1982 to 2022 in the chart:
CA: Business-Financed BERD: PPP: 2015p
CA: Business-Financed BERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 14.320 USD bn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 14.687 USD bn for 2021. CA: Business-Financed BERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 10.983 USD bn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 42 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.687 USD bn in 2021 and a record low of 3.053 USD bn in 1983. CA: Business-Financed BERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Canada, new sampling method (weighted sample survey supplemented by administrative tax data) and conceptual changes in the business R&D survey caused a break in series in 2014. From 2012 the coefficients used for estimating R&D expenditure in the Higher Education sector have been revised, as well as the distribution of HERD between funds directly from government for R&D, GUF, and from institutions’ own funds. From 2010, the federal government R&D expenditures are better measured. From 1988, the estimated values for R&D in hospitals not covered by university reports are included in the R&D expenditure of the higher education sector (not previously included).
Beginning 2017, NABS 2007 was used and correlated with the new Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) system of classification at Statistics Canada. With the new methodology, SEO 12 and 13 (General advancement of knowledge) were removed from the survey and departments re-allocated the funds among the other SEOs. From 1989, non-federal sources are no longer excluded from GUF in GBARD.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 14,320.029 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |