Austria AT: BERD: % of Value Added

Austria AT: BERD: % of Value Added data was reported at 3.505 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.493 % for 2020. Austria AT: BERD: % of Value Added data is updated yearly, averaging 2.715 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.505 % in 2021 and a record low of 0.872 % in 1981. Austria AT: BERD: % of Value Added data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Austria – Table AT.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.

In Austria, three large units were reclassified in the Government sector in 2016 (previously included in the business and the Higher education sectors). From 2017, government R&D support through tax incentives is reported as funds from the business sector. Beforehand, it was included in the government funding.Since 2009, a large unit previously omitted has been included as an R&D performer in the PNP sector.From 2007 onwards, the former 'post-secondary colleges for teacher training' ('Paedagogische Akademien') have become 'Universities of Education' and are, consequently surveyed as units of the Higher education sector (up to 2006 these units were covered in the Government sector).In the BE sector, the 'research premium' is included in 'funds from government' beginning 2006. This measure was introduced for the first time for the calendar year 2002, and for the 2002 and 2004 data, government funding for R&D via the 'research premium' was subsumed under 'funds from enterprises'.In 2004, Statistics Austria's regular annual updating procedure of the R&D expenditure data resulted in revisions showing a significant increase compared to previous estimates, mainly due to the inclusion of results from the 2002 survey of the business enterprise sector.

Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

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