Switzerland Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry

Switzerland Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry data was reported at 6.959 Per 1000 in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 6.162 Per 1000 for 2019. Switzerland Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry data is updated yearly, averaging 4.722 Per 1000 from Dec 1983 (Median) to 2021, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.959 Per 1000 in 2021 and a record low of 2.215 Per 1000 in 1983. Switzerland Business Enterprise Researchers: Per Thousand Employment in Industry data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Switzerland – Table CH.OECD.MSTI: Number of Researchers and Personnel on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.

In Switzerland, the Business Enterprise sector comprises private enterprises only. Public enterprises are included in the Government sector. From 2000, the Government sector no longer includes the telecommunications companies that have been privatised (Swisscom). From 2017 onwards, GBARD data are derived from a funder-based approach (performer-based approach before 2017). The Swiss contribution to the European Space Agency is allocated to the space objective in GBARD as of 2006, while it was before included in non-oriented research programmes. From 1998, the Federal Office of Agriculture and its research institutes no longer break down their R&D by socio-economic objective but group all under 'Agriculture'. For GBARD this results in a break in series for both Agriculture and Health objectives, where half of the funds previously declared under Health are now declared under Agriculture. Also in 1998, the telecommunications field of the Federal Post office has become the private enterprise Swisscom which is no longer included under the Infrastructure objective in GBARD. Before 1994, GBARD did not include the public sector financed R&D mandates.

Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

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