Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added

1981 - 2021 | Yearly | % | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added data was reported at 3.954 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4.086 % for 2020. Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added data is updated yearly, averaging 3.769 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2021, with 30 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.806 % in 2001 and a record low of 2.061 % in 1981. Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Sweden – Table SE.OECD.MSTI: Business Enterprise Investment on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.

In Sweden, funds from the ALF agreement (agreement between central government and seven regions on physician education and clinical research) are reported as GOVERD expenditure from 2019, whereas they were previously reported as HERD.
The organisation of the police force was changed in 2015 and this has altered the coverage of the R&D personnel figures (in the government sector) received through survey responses. Part of personnel data were reallocated from the category 'technicians' to the category 'researchers' in 2013. In 2011 and 2009, the PNP sector decreased due to a new sampling method.
In 2011, for personnel data, the institutional coverage of the Government sector was improved.Beginning 2007, researchers in the Business enterprise, Government and PNP sectors are now surveyed by occupation; prior to that year, data correspond to university graduates instead of researchers.
Until 2005, R&D data for Sweden were underestimated: R&D in the Government sector covered central government units only and companies between 10-49 employees were excluded from the coverage. Moreover, prior to 1993 the surveys in the Business Enterprise, Government and Private Non-Profit sectors excluded R&D in the SSH.
Also beginning 2005, FTE on R&D in the Higher education sector reflects a change in survey method. Concerning the Government sector, beginning 2005, the data exclude R&D personnel from the County councils, resulting in the personnel data being underestimated.
From 1997, funding from the Public Research Foundations, previously classified in the PNP sector, is considered as funding from the government sector, due to their re-classification.In 1995, some institutions from the PNP sector were reclassified to the Business Enterprise or Government sectors; in the Higher Education sector, capital expenditures are excluded.Starting in 2023, a new method for compiling GBARD based entirely on administrative data and R&D survey coefficients has been implemented, resulting in a time series break and an estimated increase of total GBARD by approximately 1.46 billion SEK.
From 1998, GBARD series refer to the calendar year (January-December) instead of the period July-June which had been used until 1994. Budget allocations for 1995 and 1996 are estimates based on the period July 1995-December 1996. Also from 1998, funding by Public Research Foundations is excluded from the GBARD data.
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Definition of MSTI variables 'Value Added of Industry' and 'Industrial Employment':

R&D data are typically expressed as a percentage of GDP to allow cross-country comparisons. When compiling such indicators for the business enterprise sector, one may wish to exclude, from GDP measures, economic activities for which the Business R&D (BERD) is null or negligible by definition. By doing so, the adjusted denominator (GDP, or Value Added, excluding non-relevant industries) better correspond to the numerator (BERD) with which it is compared to.

The MSTI variable 'Value added in industry' is used to this end:

It is calculated as the total Gross Value Added (GVA) excluding 'real estate activities' (ISIC rev.4 68) where the 'imputed rent of owner-occupied dwellings', specific to the framework of the System of National Accounts, represents a significant share of total GVA and has no R&D counterpart. Moreover, the R&D performed by the community, social and personal services is mainly driven by R&D performers other than businesses.

Consequently, the following service industries are also excluded: ISIC rev.4 84 to 88 and 97 to 98. GVA data are presented at basic prices except for the People's Republic of China, Japan and New Zealand (expressed at producers' prices).In the same way, some indicators on R&D personnel in the business sector are expressed as a percentage of industrial employment. The latter corresponds to total employment excluding ISIC rev.4 68, 84 to 88 and 97 to 98.

View Sweden's Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added from 1981 to 2021 in the chart:

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Sweden Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added
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Sweden Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added

What was Sweden's Sweden SE: BERD: % of Value Added in 2021?

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
3.954 2021 4.086 2020 2.061 1981 4.806 2001 % yearly 1981 - 2021

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Sweden Key Series

National Accounts Last Frequency Range
Forecast: GDP PPP Per Capita (PPP Intl $) 83,960.325 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Forecast: Nominal GDP Per Capita (USD) 75,310.817 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Forecast: Real GDP Growth (%) 1.967 2027 yearly 1980 - 2027
GDP Deflator Growth (%) 1.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1982 - Sep 2025
GDP per Capita (USD) 54,970.010 2023 yearly 1957 - 2023
Gross Fixed Capital Formation (USD mn) 40,671.020 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Gross National Product (GNP) (USD mn) 177,667.054 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Gross Savings Rate (%) 26.6 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Investment: % of GDP (%) 24.8 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Nominal GDP (USD mn) 169,118.0 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Nominal GDP Growth (%) 3.734 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1981 - Sep 2025
Private Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) 79,715.283 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Private Consumption: % of GDP (%) 47.1 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Public Consumption Expenditure (USD mn) 44,394.800 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Public Consumption: % of GDP (%) 26.3 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Real GDP Growth (%) 2.5 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1982 - Sep 2025
Total Trade of Goods & Services: % of Nominal GDP (%) 103.892 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2025
Production Last Frequency Range
Gold Production (kg) 7,358.000 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Industrial Production Index Growth (%) 14.4 Sep 2025 monthly Jan 1981 - Sep 2025
Minerals Production (Metric Ton) 20,012,913.000 2023 yearly 2009 - 2023
Motor Vehicle Production (Unit) 268,487.000 2024 yearly 1997 - 2024
Silver Production (Metric Ton) 404.055 2023 yearly 1986 - 2023
Sales, Orders, Inventory & Shipments Last Frequency Range
New Orders Growth (%) 11.9 Oct 2025 monthly Jan 2001 - Oct 2025
Construction and Properties Last Frequency Range
House Prices Growth (%) 1.7 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1987 - Sep 2025
Nominal Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) 179.824 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1970 - Jun 2025
Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) 0.662 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1971 - Jun 2025
Real Residential Property Price Index (2010=100) 130.271 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1970 - Jun 2025
Real Residential Property Price Index Growth (%) 0.257 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1971 - Jun 2025
Building Permits (Unit) 1,325,363.000 Sep 2025 quarterly Mar 1996 - Sep 2025
Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -1.6 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Forecast: Government Expenditure (SEK bn) 3,724.272 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Forecast: Government Net Debt (SEK bn) 2,624.016 2030 yearly 1993 - 2030
Forecast: Government Revenue (SEK bn) 3,724.006 2030 yearly 1980 - 2030
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 33.3 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1996 - Jun 2025
National Government Debt (USD mn) 231,414.4 Jun 2025 quarterly Mar 1999 - Jun 2025
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 125,917.588 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -9,465.294 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 20.8 2024 yearly 1995 - 2024

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