Estonia Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual
EE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP
EE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 0.338 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.338 % for 2020. EE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.341 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.467 % in 2013 and a record low of 0.191 % in 1998. EE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.338 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP
EE: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.901 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.879 % for 2020. EE: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.534 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.268 % in 2011 and a record low of 0.131 % in 1998. EE: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.901 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP
EE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP data was reported at 1.271 % in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.419 % for 2014. EE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.271 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2017, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.303 % in 2011 and a record low of 0.762 % in 2003. EE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.271 2017 | yearly | 2003 - 2017 |
View Estonia's EE: Estimated Civil GERD: % Of GDP from 2003 to 2017 in the chart:
EE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector
EE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data was reported at 50.946 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 50.132 % for 2020. EE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 40.307 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 55.006 % in 2011 and a record low of 23.220 % in 1998. EE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 50.946 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: GERD Financed: Government
EE: GERD Financed: Government data was reported at 36.982 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 36.988 % for 2020. EE: GERD Financed: Government data is updated yearly, averaging 45.100 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 64.752 % in 1999 and a record low of 32.751 % in 2011. EE: GERD Financed: Government data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 36.982 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Financed: Government from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors
EE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data was reported at 1.563 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.493 % for 2020. EE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data is updated yearly, averaging 1.043 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7.252 % in 1998 and a record low of 0.366 % in 2019. EE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.563 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World
EE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data was reported at 10.509 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 12.390 % for 2020. EE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data is updated yearly, averaging 12.424 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.056 % in 2005 and a record low of 6.210 % in 1998. EE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 10.509 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Financed: Rest of The World from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector
EE: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector data was reported at 56.211 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 55.839 % for 2021. EE: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 45.085 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 63.167 % in 2011 and a record low of 19.694 % in 1998. EE: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 56.211 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD Performed: Government Sector
EE: GERD Performed: Government Sector data was reported at 10.151 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.321 % for 2021. EE: GERD Performed: Government Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 11.287 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24.406 % in 1999 and a record low of 8.089 % in 2011. EE: GERD Performed: Government Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 10.151 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Performed: Government Sector from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector
EE: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector data was reported at 0.660 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 1.224 % for 2021. EE: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 1.637 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.501 % in 2002 and a record low of 0.436 % in 1999. EE: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.660 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD Performed: Private Non-Profit Sector from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP
EE: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP data was reported at 865.278 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 789.809 % for 2021. EE: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 340.842 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 865.278 % in 2022 and a record low of 47.508 % in 1998. EE: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 865.278 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD per Capita Population: Current PPP from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD: % of GDP
EE: GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 1.782 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.768 % for 2021. EE: GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 1.277 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.305 % in 2011 and a record low of 0.565 % in 1998. EE: GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.782 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD: % of GDP from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
EE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 0.349 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.137 % for 2021. EE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 8.731 % from Dec 1999 (Median) to 2022, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.597 % in 2011 and a record low of -17.674 % in 2013. EE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.349 2022 | yearly | 1999 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1999 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD: Current PPP
EE: GERD: Current PPP data was reported at 1.152 USD bn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.051 USD bn for 2021. EE: GERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 454.444 USD mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.152 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 66.183 USD mn in 1998. EE: GERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1,152.374 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD: Current PPP from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GERD: PPP: 2015p
EE: GERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 851.983 USD mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 849.018 USD mn for 2021. EE: GERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 492.119 USD mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 851.983 USD mn in 2022 and a record low of 120.239 USD mn in 1998. EE: GERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 851.983 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GERD: PPP: 2015p from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector
EE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data was reported at 2.485 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.179 % for 2020. EE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 2.069 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2021, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 14.452 % in 1995 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2005. EE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2.485 2021 | yearly | 1995 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: GOVERD Financed: Business Sector from 1995 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
EE: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 9.289 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.559 % for 2021. EE: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 2.836 % from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 54.950 % in 2006 and a record low of -34.061 % in 1997. EE: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 9.289 2022 | yearly | 1996 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1996 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GOVERD: Current PPP
EE: GOVERD: Current PPP data was reported at 116.978 USD mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 97.914 USD mn for 2021. EE: GOVERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 43.433 USD mn from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 116.978 USD mn in 2022 and a record low of 14.096 USD mn in 2001. EE: GOVERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 116.978 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GOVERD: Current PPP from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p
EE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 86.485 USD mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 79.135 USD mn for 2021. EE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 55.559 USD mn from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 86.485 USD mn in 2022 and a record low of 24.339 USD mn in 2001. EE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 86.485 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD)
EE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data was reported at 65.143 EUR mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 51.354 EUR mn for 2021. EE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 23.088 EUR mn from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 65.143 EUR mn in 2022 and a record low of 6.864 EUR mn in 1998. EE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 65.143 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP
EE: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.654 % in 2021. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.648 % for 2020. EE: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.558 % from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2021, with 24 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.814 % in 2013 and a record low of 0.355 % in 2000. EE: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.654 2021 | yearly | 1998 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP from 1998 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD)
EE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data was reported at 641.737 EUR mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 550.962 EUR mn for 2021. EE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 232.760 EUR mn from Dec 1998 (Median) to 2022, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 641.737 EUR mn in 2022 and a record low of 28.818 EUR mn in 1998. EE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 641.737 2022 | yearly | 1998 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) from 1998 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: HERD Financed: Business Sector
EE: HERD Financed: Business Sector data was reported at 5.891 % in 2021. This records a decrease from the previous number of 7.834 % for 2020. EE: HERD Financed: Business Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 5.891 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2021, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.585 % in 1996 and a record low of 3.475 % in 2011. EE: HERD Financed: Business Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 5.891 2021 | yearly | 1995 - 2021 |
View Estonia's EE: HERD Financed: Business Sector from 1995 to 2021 in the chart:
EE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
EE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -1.557 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 8.263 % for 2021. EE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 8.263 % from Dec 1996 (Median) to 2022, with 27 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 93.924 % in 1997 and a record low of -24.937 % in 2016. EE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -1.557 2022 | yearly | 1996 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: HERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1996 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: HERD: PPP: 2015p
EE: HERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 280.966 USD mn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 285.409 USD mn for 2021. EE: HERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 181.006 USD mn from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 285.409 USD mn in 2021 and a record low of 27.146 USD mn in 1995. EE: HERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 280.966 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |
View Estonia's EE: HERD: PPP: 2015p from 1995 to 2022 in the chart:
EE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD)
EE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data was reported at 211.631 EUR mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 185.213 EUR mn for 2021. EE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 85.876 EUR mn from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2022, with 28 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 211.631 EUR mn in 2022 and a record low of 4.519 EUR mn in 1995. EE: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Estonia – Table EE.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Estonia, GBARD figures come from budget data from 2016 onward, whereas they were previously estimated from R&D survey data.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 211.631 2022 | yearly | 1995 - 2022 |