Denmark Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual
DK: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP
DK: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data was reported at 0.539 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.527 % for 2017. DK: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.543 % from Dec 2003 (Median) to 2019, with 12 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.587 % in 2014 and a record low of 0.309 % in 2007. DK: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.539 2019 | yearly | 2003 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: Basic Research Expenditure: % of GDP from 2003 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP
DK: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 1.722 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 1.677 % for 2017. DK: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.913 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.890 % in 2009 and a record low of 0.434 % in 1981. DK: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.716 2019 | yearly | 1981 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: Business-Financed GERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector
DK: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data was reported at 59.246 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 57.121 % for 2017. DK: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 51.369 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 62.137 % in 2009 and a record low of 42.478 % in 1981. DK: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 59.246 2019 | yearly | 1981 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Financed: Business Enterprise Sector from 1981 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: GERD Financed: Government
DK: GERD Financed: Government data was reported at 28.653 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 28.343 % for 2017. DK: GERD Financed: Government data is updated yearly, averaging 36.143 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53.464 % in 1981 and a record low of 25.907 % in 2007. DK: GERD Financed: Government data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 28.653 2019 | yearly | 1981 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Financed: Government from 1981 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors
DK: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data was reported at 6.459 % in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 5.362 % for 2017. DK: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data is updated yearly, averaging 3.763 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.459 % in 2019 and a record low of 1.954 % in 1981. DK: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 6.459 2019 | yearly | 1981 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Financed: Higher Education and PNP Sectors from 1981 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: GERD Financed: Rest of The World
DK: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data was reported at 5.643 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 9.172 % for 2017. DK: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data is updated yearly, averaging 6.271 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.978 % in 1995 and a record low of 2.054 % in 1985. DK: GERD Financed: Rest of The World data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 5.643 2019 | yearly | 1981 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Financed: Rest of The World from 1981 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector
DK: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector data was reported at 61.506 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 62.143 % for 2021. DK: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 62.632 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 69.896 % in 2008 and a record low of 49.705 % in 1981. DK: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 61.506 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Performed: Business Enterprise Sector from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GERD Performed: Government Sector
DK: GERD Performed: Government Sector data was reported at 3.046 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 3.400 % for 2021. DK: GERD Performed: Government Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 7.186 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22.673 % in 1981 and a record low of 2.028 % in 2011. DK: GERD Performed: Government Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 3.046 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Performed: Government Sector from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GERD Performed: Higher Education Sector
DK: GERD Performed: Higher Education Sector data was reported at 35.423 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 35.314 % for 2022. DK: GERD Performed: Higher Education Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 25.012 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.423 % in 2023 and a record low of 18.913 % in 2001. DK: GERD Performed: Higher Education Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 35.184 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD Performed: Higher Education Sector from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GERD: % of GDP
DK: GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 2.986 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.867 % for 2022. DK: GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 2.399 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2023, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.102 % in 2016 and a record low of 1.021 % in 1981. DK: GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2.891 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
DK: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at 7.534 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of -0.745 % for 2021. DK: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 4.750 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2022, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.981 % in 1986 and a record low of -2.733 % in 2010. DK: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 7.534 2022 | yearly | 1982 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1982 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GERD: PPP: 2015p
DK: GERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 9.483 USD bn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.818 USD bn for 2021. DK: GERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 6.052 USD bn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.483 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 1.524 USD bn in 1981. DK: GERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 9,482.746 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GERD: PPP: 2015p from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GOVERD: % of GDP
DK: GOVERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.088 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.094 % for 2021. DK: GOVERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.180 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.309 % in 1999 and a record low of 0.060 % in 2011. DK: GOVERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.088 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GOVERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate
DK: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data was reported at -3.678 % in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of -2.165 % for 2021. DK: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 2.477 % from Dec 1982 (Median) to 2022, with 38 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 35.022 % in 2017 and a record low of -16.758 % in 2009. DK: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| -3.678 2022 | yearly | 1982 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GOVERD: Compound Annual Growth Rate from 1982 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p
DK: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data was reported at 288.830 USD mn in 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 299.860 USD mn for 2021. DK: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data is updated yearly, averaging 392.149 USD mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 721.727 USD mn in 1999 and a record low of 158.247 USD mn in 2011. DK: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 288.830 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: GOVERD: PPP: 2015p from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD)
DK: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data was reported at 2,493.000 DKK mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,395.000 DKK mn for 2021. DK: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 2,097.000 DKK mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,839.000 DKK mn in 1999 and a record low of 1,013.100 DKK mn in 1981. DK: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2,493.000 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: Government Intramural Expenditure on R&D (GOVERD) from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP
DK: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data was reported at 0.830 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.831 % for 2017. DK: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.656 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2019, with 29 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.923 % in 2015 and a record low of 0.533 % in 1985. DK: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.830 2019 | yearly | 1981 - 2019 |
View Denmark's DK: Government-Financed GERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2019 in the chart:
DK: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD)
DK: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data was reported at 81,849.000 DKK mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 70,433.000 DKK mn for 2021. DK: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 35,252.799 DKK mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 40 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 81,849.000 DKK mn in 2022 and a record low of 4,468.400 DKK mn in 1981. DK: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 81,849.000 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (GERD) from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: HERD Financed: Business Sector
DK: HERD Financed: Business Sector data was reported at 2.501 % in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 2.361 % for 2019. DK: HERD Financed: Business Sector data is updated yearly, averaging 2.135 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2020, with 37 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.234 % in 2002 and a record low of 0.670 % in 1981. DK: HERD Financed: Business Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 2.501 2020 | yearly | 1981 - 2020 |
View Denmark's DK: HERD Financed: Business Sector from 1981 to 2020 in the chart:
DK: HERD: % of GDP
DK: HERD: % of GDP data was reported at 1.017 % in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.942 % for 2021. DK: HERD: % of GDP data is updated yearly, averaging 0.563 % from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.037 % in 2015 and a record low of 0.269 % in 1982. DK: HERD: % of GDP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.017 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: HERD: % of GDP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: HERD: Current PPP
DK: HERD: Current PPP data was reported at 4.680 USD bn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.854 USD bn for 2021. DK: HERD: Current PPP data is updated yearly, averaging 926.929 USD mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.680 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 149.190 USD mn in 1981. DK: HERD: Current PPP data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 4,679.892 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |
View Denmark's DK: HERD: Current PPP from 1981 to 2022 in the chart:
DK: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD)
DK: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data was reported at 28,798.000 DKK mn in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 24,019.000 DKK mn for 2021. DK: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data is updated yearly, averaging 7,936.000 DKK mn from Dec 1981 (Median) to 2022, with 41 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28,798.000 DKK mn in 2022 and a record low of 1,194.900 DKK mn in 1981. DK: Higher Education Expenditure on R&D (HERD) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Denmark – Table DK.OECD.MSTI: Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development: OECD Member: Annual.
In Denmark: from reference year 2007, the surveys are conducted by Statistics Denmark (previously by the Danish Centre for Studies in Research and Research Policy). Modifications in the questionnaires have increased the response rate; this is particularly noticeable in the Business enterprise sector where survey response is now mandatory. Additionally, due to changes in the administrative structure, a number of institutes, previously classified in the Government sector, were merged with universities.
Until 2002, the HE-sector R&D expenditure was underestimated as R&D carried out in hospital departments at the university-hospitals was included in the Government sector.
As of 2002, the business enterprise survey specifically requests data on researchers, technicians and other personnel. Earlier data for R&D personnel by occupation are based on qualification.
In 2017, unit reclassification led to a break in series in the “industrial production and technology” socio-economic objective (increase) and the “general advancement of knowledge, other than GUF” (decrease). From 2002, GBARD data include government-financed R&D on renewable energy. In 2001, a new principle concerning budgeting of commitments was introduced: commitments of grants are carried to the debit side at the time of entering the commitment, where previously commitment of grants was carried to the debit side at maturity.
From 1999, provincial and local government funding is included in the GBARD data (in particular funding in provincial hospitals), as well as funding from the Danish National Research Foundation and the Danish Investment Fund. In 1983, 1988, and 1993, the method for breaking down GBARD data by socio-economic objectives changed, leading to breaks in series.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 28,798.000 2022 | yearly | 1981 - 2022 |