Bhutan Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual
Land Cover: Artificial Surfaces
Land Cover: Artificial Surfaces data was reported at 4.100 sq km th in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.700 sq km th for 2015. Land Cover: Artificial Surfaces data is updated yearly, averaging 2.300 sq km th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2020, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.100 sq km th in 2020 and a record low of 0.500 sq km th in 2000. Land Cover: Artificial Surfaces data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 4.100 2020 | yearly | 2000 - 2020 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Artificial Surfaces from 2000 to 2020 in the chart:
Land Cover: Bare Area: Permanent Snow and Ice
Land Cover: Bare Area: Permanent Snow and Ice data was reported at 1.045 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1.045 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Bare Area: Permanent Snow and Ice data is updated yearly, averaging 1.045 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1.045 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 1.045 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Bare Area: Permanent Snow and Ice data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1.045 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Bare Area: Permanent Snow and Ice from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Bare Area: Total
Land Cover: Bare Area: Total data was reported at 1,206.000 sq km th in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,205.000 sq km th for 2015. Land Cover: Bare Area: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 1,205.000 sq km th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2020, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,206.000 sq km th in 2020 and a record low of 1,205.000 sq km th in 2015. Land Cover: Bare Area: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 1,206.000 2020 | yearly | 2000 - 2020 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Bare Area: Total from 2000 to 2020 in the chart:
Land Cover: Bare Area: Unconsolidated
Land Cover: Bare Area: Unconsolidated data was reported at 0.007 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.007 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Bare Area: Unconsolidated data is updated yearly, averaging 0.007 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.007 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.007 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Bare Area: Unconsolidated data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.007 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Bare Area: Unconsolidated from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Bare Areas
Land Cover: Bare Areas data was reported at 0.025 sq km th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.025 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Bare Areas data is updated yearly, averaging 0.025 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.025 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.025 sq km th in 2018. Land Cover: Bare Areas data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.025 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Bare Areas from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Cropland: Herbaceous Cover
Land Cover: Cropland: Herbaceous Cover data was reported at 0.030 sq km th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.030 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Cropland: Herbaceous Cover data is updated yearly, averaging 0.030 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.032 sq km th in 2004 and a record low of 0.023 sq km th in 1992. Land Cover: Cropland: Herbaceous Cover data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.030 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Cropland: Herbaceous Cover from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Cropland: Irrigated or Post-Flooding
Land Cover: Cropland: Irrigated or Post-Flooding data was reported at 0.034 sq km th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.035 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Cropland: Irrigated or Post-Flooding data is updated yearly, averaging 0.035 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.036 sq km th in 2015 and a record low of 0.031 sq km th in 1992. Land Cover: Cropland: Irrigated or Post-Flooding data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.034 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Cropland: Irrigated or Post-Flooding from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Cropland: Mosaic Natural Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: More than 50% or Cropland: Less than 50%
Land Cover: Cropland: Mosaic Natural Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: More than 50% or Cropland: Less than 50% data was reported at 0.821 sq km th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.825 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Cropland: Mosaic Natural Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: More than 50% or Cropland: Less than 50% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.843 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.864 sq km th in 2004 and a record low of 0.821 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Cropland: Mosaic Natural Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: More than 50% or Cropland: Less than 50% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.821 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Cropland: Mosaic Natural Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: More than 50% or Cropland: Less than 50% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Cropland: Tree or Shrub Cover
Land Cover: Cropland: Tree or Shrub Cover data was reported at 0.005 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.005 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Cropland: Tree or Shrub Cover data is updated yearly, averaging 0.004 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.005 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.004 sq km th in 2004. Land Cover: Cropland: Tree or Shrub Cover data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.005 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Cropland: Tree or Shrub Cover from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Inland Water: Water Bodies
Land Cover: Inland Water: Water Bodies data was reported at 0.012 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.012 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Inland Water: Water Bodies data is updated yearly, averaging 0.012 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.012 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.012 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Inland Water: Water Bodies data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.012 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Inland Water: Water Bodies from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Shrubland: Deciduous
Land Cover: Shrubland: Deciduous data was reported at 0.000 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Shrubland: Deciduous data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Shrubland: Deciduous data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.000 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Shrubland: Deciduous from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Shrubland: Evergreen
Land Cover: Shrubland: Evergreen data was reported at 0.193 sq km th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.195 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Shrubland: Evergreen data is updated yearly, averaging 0.195 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.197 sq km th in 2015 and a record low of 0.192 sq km th in 1992. Land Cover: Shrubland: Evergreen data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.193 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Shrubland: Evergreen from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Shrubland: Total
Land Cover: Shrubland: Total data was reported at 354.300 sq km th in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 308.400 sq km th for 2015. Land Cover: Shrubland: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 354.300 sq km th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2020, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 688.900 sq km th in 2000 and a record low of 308.400 sq km th in 2015. Land Cover: Shrubland: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 354.300 2020 | yearly | 2000 - 2020 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Shrubland: Total from 2000 to 2020 in the chart:
Land Cover: Sparse Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: Less than 15%
Land Cover: Sparse Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: Less than 15% data was reported at 0.114 % in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.114 % for 2018. Land Cover: Sparse Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: Less than 15% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.114 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.114 % in 2019 and a record low of 0.114 % in 2019. Land Cover: Sparse Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: Less than 15% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.114 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Sparse Vegetation: Tree, Shrub, Herbaceous Cover: Less than 15% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed to Open: More than 15%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed to Open: More than 15% data was reported at 0.821 sq km th in 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.813 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed to Open: More than 15% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.789 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.821 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.786 sq km th in 2004. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed to Open: More than 15% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.821 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed to Open: More than 15% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% data was reported at 0.558 sq km th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.559 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.558 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.560 sq km th in 2015 and a record low of 0.539 sq km th in 1992. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.558 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% data was reported at 32.100 % in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 32.133 % for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% data is updated yearly, averaging 32.100 % from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 32.165 % in 2015 and a record low of 28.978 % in 1992. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 32.100 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Broadleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Mixed Leaf Type: Broadleaved and Needleleaved
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Mixed Leaf Type: Broadleaved and Needleleaved data was reported at 0.001 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.001 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Mixed Leaf Type: Broadleaved and Needleleaved data is updated yearly, averaging 0.001 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.001 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.001 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Mixed Leaf Type: Broadleaved and Needleleaved data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.001 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Mixed Leaf Type: Broadleaved and Needleleaved from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% data was reported at 0.000 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.000 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Closed: More than 40% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Open: 15-40%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Open: 15-40% data was reported at 0.000 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Open: 15-40% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Open: 15-40% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.000 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Deciduous: Open: 15-40% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% data was reported at 15.375 sq km th in 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15.387 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% data is updated yearly, averaging 15.373 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.387 sq km th in 2018 and a record low of 15.104 sq km th in 1992. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 15.375 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed to Open: More than 15% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed: More than 40%
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed: More than 40% data was reported at 0.000 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed: More than 40% data is updated yearly, averaging 0.000 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.000 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 sq km th in 2019. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed: More than 40% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.000 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Needleleaved: Evergreen: Closed: More than 40% from 1992 to 2019 in the chart:
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Total
Land Cover: Tree Cover: Total data was reported at 29,497.876 sq km th in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 29,462.591 sq km th for 2020. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Total data is updated yearly, averaging 29,471.112 sq km th from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2022, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29,497.876 sq km th in 2022 and a record low of 29,081.048 sq km th in 2000. Land Cover: Tree Cover: Total data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 29,497.876 2022 | yearly | 2000 - 2022 |
View Bhutan's Land Cover: Tree Cover: Total from 2000 to 2022 in the chart:
Land Cover: Wetland: Shrub or Herbaceous Cover, Flooded, Fresh or Saline or Brakish Water
Land Cover: Wetland: Shrub or Herbaceous Cover, Flooded, Fresh or Saline or Brakish Water data was reported at 0.001 sq km th in 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.001 sq km th for 2018. Land Cover: Wetland: Shrub or Herbaceous Cover, Flooded, Fresh or Saline or Brakish Water data is updated yearly, averaging 0.001 sq km th from Dec 1992 (Median) to 2019, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.001 sq km th in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 sq km th in 2004. Land Cover: Wetland: Shrub or Herbaceous Cover, Flooded, Fresh or Saline or Brakish Water data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bhutan – Table BT.OECD.ESG: Environmental: Land Cover: Non OECD Member: Annual.
| Last | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 0.001 2019 | yearly | 1992 - 2019 |