Malaysia External Debt: % of GDP

2009 - 2023 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Malaysia External Debt: % of GDP

  • Malaysia External Debt accounted for 68.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 63.9 % in the previous year.
  • Malaysia External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 2009 to Dec 2023.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 73.2 % in Dec 2016 and a record low of 52.9 % in Dec 2010.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. Bank Negara Malaysia provides External Debt in local currency. The Department of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on SNA 2008 with benchmark year 2015. Nominal GDP prior to 2015 is based on SNA 2008 with benchmark year 2010 and prior to 2010 is based on SNA 1993 with benchmark year 2005.


Related information about Malaysia External Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports of Malaysia, Current Account recorded a surplus of 54.0 USD mn in Dec 2023.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 2.6 USD bn in Dec 2023.
  • Malaysia Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 1.6 USD bn in Dec 2023.
  • Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 834.0 USD mn in Dec 2023.
  • The country's External Debt reached 270,687.1 in Dec 2023.
  • The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 101.3 USD bn in Mar 2023.

View Malaysia's External Debt: % of GDP from 2009 to 2023 in the chart:

Malaysia External Debt: % of GDP

What was Malaysia's External Debt: % of GDP in 2023?

Malaysia External Debt accounted for 68.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 63.9 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
68.2 2023 63.9 2022 52.9 2010 73.2 2016 % yearly 2009 - 2023

External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

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country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 54.1 2022 yearly 1991 - 2022
Algeria (%) 1.8 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Argentina (%) 45.4 2023 yearly 1994 - 2023
Armenia (%) 63.9 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Australia (%) 109.4 2023 yearly 1988 - 2023
Austria (%) 131.7 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
Azerbaijan (%) 14.9 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2001 - Dec 2021
Bangladesh (%) 11.4 2017 yearly 1997 - 2017
Belarus (%) 51.4 Dec 2023 quarterly Dec 2000 - Dec 2023
Belgium (%) 237.7 2023 yearly 2007 - 2023
Bolivia (%) 35.3 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 18.2 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Botswana (%) 7.3 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Brazil (%) 27.9 2023 yearly 1992 - 2023
Bulgaria (%) 48.3 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Cambodia (%) 75.6 2022 yearly 2010 - 2022
Canada (%) 134.9 2022 yearly 1990 - 2022
Chile (%) 71.7 2023 yearly 1971 - 2023
China (%) 13.7 2023 yearly 1985 - 2023
Colombia (%) 53.7 2023 yearly 1970 - 2023
Croatia (%) 73.9 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Cyprus (%) 576.0 2023 yearly 2004 - 2023
Czech Republic (%) 62.9 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Denmark (%) 130.7 2023 yearly 2005 - 2023
Ecuador (%) 49.0 2023 yearly 1970 - 2023
Egypt (%) 40.5 Jun 2023 quarterly Jun 1999 - Jun 2023
Estonia (%) 90.2 2023 yearly 1996 - 2023
European Union (%) 109.6 2023 yearly 2008 - 2023
Finland (%) 215.1 2023 yearly 1991 - 2023
France (%) 245.8 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Georgia (%) 94.2 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Germany (%) 148.2 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Ghana (%) 39.0 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Greece (%) 250.9 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 480.1 2023 yearly 2001 - 2023
Hungary (%) 129.3 2023 yearly 2006 - 2023
Iceland (%) 71.6 2023 yearly 1989 - 2023
India (%) 18.9 2023 yearly 1970 - 2023
Indonesia (%) 29.7 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Iran (%) 0.3 2023 yearly 1994 - 2023
Ireland (%) 563.9 2023 yearly 2002 - 2023
Israel (%) 30.5 2023 yearly 1998 - 2023
Italy (%) 129.0 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Ivory Coast (%) 31.4 2021 yearly 1994 - 2021
Japan (%) 106.9 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Jordan (%) 80.0 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Kazakhstan (%) 62.5 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2002 - Dec 2023
Kenya (%) 35.0 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
South Korea (%) 38.8 2023 yearly 1994 - 2023
Kosovo (%) 38.4 2022 yearly 2007 - 2022
Kuwait (%) 35.3 2022 yearly 2014 - 2022
Kyrgyzstan (%) 80.3 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Laos (%) 68.0 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Latvia (%) 98.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2000 - Dec 2023
Lebanon (%) 53.0 2020 yearly 2007 - 2020
Lithuania (%) 68.4 2023 yearly 1996 - 2023
Luxembourg (%) 4,321.4 2023 yearly 2002 - 2023
North Macedonia (%) 83.7 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Malawi (%) 60.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Malaysia (%) 68.2 2023 yearly 2009 - 2023
Malta (%) 971.6 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Mauritius (%) 1,322.0 2023 yearly 2009 - 2023
Mexico (%) 33.3 2023 yearly 2002 - 2023
Moldova (%) 65.2 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Mongolia (%) 174.0 2023 yearly 1992 - 2023
Montenegro (%) 141.5 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Morocco (%) 50.9 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Mozambique (%) 71.7 2020 yearly 1985 - 2020
Myanmar (%) 16.7 2020 yearly 2018 - 2020
Nepal (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
Netherlands (%) 338.5 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
New Zealand (%) 87.1 2023 yearly 1993 - 2023
Nigeria (%) 11.9 2023 yearly 1985 - 2023
Norway (%) 152.5 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Pakistan (%) 37.2 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Palestinian Territory (%) 11.4 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
Panama (%) 167.4 2021 yearly 2014 - 2021
Paraguay (%) 55.7 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Peru (%) 41.8 2022 yearly 1980 - 2022
Philippines (%) 28.7 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Poland (%) 49.5 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Portugal (%) 166.0 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Qatar (%) 106.1 2018 yearly 2000 - 2018
Romania (%) 52.4 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Russia (%) 15.7 2023 yearly 1993 - 2023
Serbia (%) 65.3 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Singapore (%) 391.1 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Slovakia (%) 96.5 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Slovenia (%) 91.8 2023 yearly 2001 - 2023
South Africa (%) 41.8 2023 yearly 1985 - 2023
Spain (%) 165.5 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Sri Lanka (%) 75.0 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Sudan (%) 202.2 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Sweden (%) 166.4 2023 yearly 1997 - 2023
Switzerland (%) 241.1 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Taiwan (%) 27.3 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Tajikistan (%) 37.7 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Thailand (%) 38.4 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
Tunisia (%) 92.1 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Turkey (%) 45.6 2023 yearly 1989 - 2023

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Malaysia Key Series

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Includes 246 key indicators for Malaysia, curated by CEIC analysts. Instant access to full history data in excel.
Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -6.7 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -27,183.026 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 12,335.849 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 1980 - Sep 2023
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 12.3 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 1991 - Sep 2023
National Government Debt (USD mn) 255,431.9 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 1978 - Dec 2023
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 64.3 Dec 2023 quarterly Dec 2010 - Dec 2023
Forecast: Government Expenditure (MYR bn) 547.094 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Forecast: Government Net Debt (MYR bn) 1,832.750 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Forecast: Government Revenue (MYR bn) 435.266 2028 yearly 1990 - 2028
Central Government Operations: ytd: Expenditure (MYR mn) 63,282.106 Feb 2024 monthly Mar 2000 - Feb 2024
Central Govt Current Expenditure: Total (MYR mn) 69,720.292 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2023
Govt Debt: Domestic (MYR mn) 891,014.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2023
Govt Debt: External (MYR mn) 281,496.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2023
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 3.104 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) 2,506.1 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1990 - Feb 2024
Total Exports (USD mn) 26,315.7 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1990 - Feb 2024
Total Exports Growth (%) -2.5 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1991 - Feb 2024
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 5,353,330.916 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 308,284.195 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 261,782.246 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Imports (USD mn) 23,809.5 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1990 - Feb 2024
Total Imports Growth (%) 8.2 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1991 - Feb 2024
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 1,514,583.396 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 907,711.591 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 2,848.699 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1976 - Feb 2024
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 1,608.538 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1976 - Feb 2024
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 3,000.226 Feb 2024 monthly Jun 1976 - Feb 2024
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 4,086.219 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1976 - Feb 2024
Trade Balance: sa (MYR mn) 11,942.874 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1990 - Feb 2024
Imports: Taiwan (MYR mn) 4,690.016 Mar 2019 monthly Jan 1986 - Mar 2019
Imports: Value: Machinery, Appliances and Parts (MYR mn) 7,928.779 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1989 - Feb 2024
Imports: Value: Electrical & Electronic Products (MYR mn) 29,641.714 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1989 - Feb 2024
Imports: Value: Optical and Scientific Equipment (MYR mn) 2,418.604 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1995 - Feb 2024
Exports: Value: Electrical & Electronic Products (MYR mn) 39,967.201 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1989 - Feb 2024
Exports: Value: Machinery, Appliances and Parts (MYR mn) 5,256.004 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1989 - Feb 2024
Exports: Value: Optical and Scientific Equipment (MYR mn) 4,159.120 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1995 - Feb 2024
Import Volume Index; sa (2010=100) 194.400 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2012 - Feb 2024
Export Volume Index (EVI): Total (2010=100) 142.200 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2014 - Feb 2024
Export Volume index; sa (2010=100) 156.800 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2012 - Feb 2024
Import Volume Index (IVI): Total (2010=100) 176.200 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2014 - Feb 2024
Terms of Trade: Total (2010=100) 113.400 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2014 - Feb 2024
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 1,566.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2023
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 54.0 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Dec 2023
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) 0.1 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2000 - Dec 2023
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) 2,569.3 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 2.5 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 834.025 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) 0.8 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) 509.6 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) -227.930 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2023
External Debt (USD mn) 270,687.1 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2009 - Dec 2023
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 68.2 2023 yearly 2009 - 2023
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 112,938.5 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2009 - Dec 2023
External Debt: Short Term: % of GDP (%) 28.4 2023 yearly 2009 - 2023
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) 18.101 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) 26,008.551 2023 yearly 2001 - 2023
Balance of Payment (BoP): Current Account (CA) (MYR mn) 253.402 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: PI: Credit (MYR mn) 20,253.423 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc (MYR mn) -19,912.305 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Other Investment (MYR mn) -14,423.570 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: Secondary Income: Debit (MYR mn) 10,442.721 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Direct Investment: Asset (MYR mn) -7,357.439 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Portfolio Investment (MYR mn) -6,411.572 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Goods: Credit (MYR mn) 275,938.549 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Services: Net (MYR mn) -7,433.013 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Reserves Assets (MYR mn) 10,195.199 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Goods: Debit (MYR mn) 245,097.006 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Portfolio Investment: Asset (MYR mn) -10,328.514 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Services: Credit (MYR mn) 54,978.930 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Services: Debit (MYR mn) 62,411.943 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: Secondary Income: Net (MYR mn) -2,294.486 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Financial Derivatives (MYR mn) -3,786.183 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Net Errors and Omissions (MYR mn) 9,585.136 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Direct Investment: Liabilities (MYR mn) 12,066.459 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Goods: Net (MYR mn) 30,841.543 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Direct Investment (MYR mn) 4,709.020 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Capital Account (MYR mn) -121.432 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2006 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: Secondary Income: Credit (MYR mn) 8,148.235 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: PI: Debit (MYR mn) 41,114.065 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: Primary Income (PI): Net (MYR mn) -20,860.642 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Acc: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (MYR mn) 3,916.942 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Dec 2023
External Debt: Medium and Long Term (ML) (MYR mn) 724,113.325 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2009 - Dec 2023
External Debt: Serv: Interest: ML Term: Total (MYR mn) 21,402.000 2023 yearly 2010 - 2023
External Debt: Serv: Repayment: ML Term: Total (MYR mn) 129,353.000 2023 yearly 2010 - 2023
Funds Inflow: Direct Investment Assets (DIA) (MYR mn) 44,542.336 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2008 - Dec 2023
Number of Bankruptcies (Unit) 436.000 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1998 - Feb 2024
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 1.6 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 2005 - Feb 2024
Household Debt: % of GDP (%) 84.2 2023 yearly 2002 - 2023
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) 7,406.695 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 2005 - Feb 2024
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 134,471.249 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1969 - Feb 2024
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 506,658.391 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1969 - Feb 2024
M2 Growth (%) 5.6 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1970 - Feb 2024
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 2.0 Mar 2024 monthly Jun 1959 - Mar 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 104,000.0 Mar 2024 monthly Apr 2000 - Mar 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 2.000 Mar 2024 monthly Jun 1959 - Mar 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 6.3 May 2023 monthly Dec 1990 - May 2023
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 2,800.000 Mar 2024 monthly Dec 1956 - Mar 2024
Total Deposits (USD mn) 524,779.061 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2007 - Feb 2024
Total Deposits Growth (%) 4.0 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2008 - Feb 2024
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 572,641.0 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1987 - Feb 2024
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 6.8 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1988 - Feb 2024
Debt Service Ratio: Private Non-Financial Sector (%) 15.100 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 1999 - Sep 2023
Credit to Households (USD bn) 264.543 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2006 - Sep 2023
Credit to Private Non-Financial Sector (USD bn) 608.873 Sep 2023 quarterly Jun 1964 - Sep 2023
Household Debt (USD mn) 334,204.7 2023 yearly 2002 - 2023
Total Loans (USD mn) 451,094.661 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1996 - Feb 2024
Total Loans Growth (%) 5.82 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1997 - Feb 2024
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 115.88 Sep 2023 quarterly Dec 2001 - Sep 2023
Money Supply M3 (MYR mn) 2,423,051.566 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 2013 - Feb 2024
Banking System: Demand Deposits (MYR mn) 329,103.228 Oct 2018 monthly Jan 2007 - Oct 2018
Business and Economic Survey Last Frequency Range
Global Competitiveness Index (Score) 74.602 2019 yearly 2017 - 2019
Business Confidence Growth (% Point) 3.1 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2004 - Dec 2023

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