Pakistan External Debt: % of GDP

2000 - 2023 | Yearly | % | CEIC Data

Key information about Pakistan External Debt: % of GDP

  • Pakistan External Debt accounted for 37.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 34.7 % in the previous year.
  • Pakistan External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Jun 2000 to Jun 2023.
  • The data reached an all-time high of 37.6 % in Jun 2020 and a record low of 21.7 % in Jun 2015.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from annual External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The State Bank of Pakistan provides External Debt in USD. The Pakistan Bureau of Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The State Bank of Pakistan average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP is in annual frequency, ending in June of each year.


Related information about Pakistan External Debt: % of GDP

  • In the latest reports of Pakistan, Current Account recorded a surplus of 198.0 USD mn in Dec 2023.
  • Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) fell by 173.2 USD mn in Jan 2024.
  • Pakistan Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 14.0 USD mn in Dec 2023.
  • Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 63.0 USD mn in Dec 2023.
  • The country's External Debt reached 131,159.1 in Dec 2023.
  • The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 341.3 USD bn in Jun 2023.

View Pakistan's External Debt: % of GDP from 2000 to 2023 in the chart:

Pakistan External Debt: % of GDP

What was Pakistan's External Debt: % of GDP in 2023?

Pakistan External Debt accounted for 37.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 34.7 % in the previous year. See the table below for more data.

Last Previous Min Max Unit Frequency Range
37.2 2023 34.7 2022 21.7 2015 37.6 2020 % yearly 2000 - 2023

External Debt: % of GDP by Country Comparison

Buy Selected Data

Includes External Debt: % of GDP on 109 economies standardised by CEIC. Instant access to full history data in excel.
country/region Last Frequency Range
Albania (%) 54.1 2022 yearly 1991 - 2022
Algeria (%) 1.8 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Argentina (%) 44.9 2022 yearly 1994 - 2022
Armenia (%) 78.2 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Australia (%) 109.4 2023 yearly 1988 - 2023
Austria (%) 131.7 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
Azerbaijan (%) 14.9 Dec 2021 quarterly Dec 2001 - Dec 2021
Bangladesh (%) 11.4 2017 yearly 1997 - 2017
Belarus (%) 49.6 Sep 2023 quarterly Dec 2000 - Sep 2023
Belgium (%) 237.9 2022 yearly 2007 - 2022
Bolivia (%) 35.3 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Bosnia and Herzegovina (%) 20.8 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Botswana (%) 7.3 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Brazil (%) 27.9 2023 yearly 1992 - 2023
Bulgaria (%) 48.0 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Cambodia (%) 75.6 2022 yearly 2010 - 2022
Canada (%) 134.9 2022 yearly 1990 - 2022
Chile (%) 77.4 2022 yearly 1971 - 2022
China (%) 13.7 2022 yearly 1985 - 2022
Colombia (%) 53.7 2023 yearly 1970 - 2023
Croatia (%) 73.9 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Cyprus (%) 609.6 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Czech Republic (%) 65.6 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Denmark (%) 124.1 2022 yearly 2005 - 2022
Ecuador (%) 51.6 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Egypt (%) 40.3 Jun 2023 quarterly Jun 1999 - Jun 2023
Estonia (%) 90.2 2023 yearly 1996 - 2023
European Union (%) 117.3 2022 yearly 2008 - 2022
Finland (%) 215.4 2022 yearly 1991 - 2022
France (%) 245.8 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Georgia (%) 94.2 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Germany (%) 155.8 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Ghana (%) 39.3 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Greece (%) 263.2 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Hong Kong SAR, China (%) 494.6 2022 yearly 2001 - 2022
Hungary (%) 152.6 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Iceland (%) 71.6 2023 yearly 1989 - 2023
India (%) 18.9 2023 yearly 1970 - 2023
Indonesia (%) 29.7 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Iran (%) 0.3 2023 yearly 1994 - 2023
Ireland (%) 563.9 2023 yearly 2002 - 2023
Israel (%) 29.1 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Italy (%) 129.0 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Ivory Coast (%) 31.4 2021 yearly 1994 - 2021
Japan (%) 106.9 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Jordan (%) 80.0 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Kazakhstan (%) 64.8 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2002 - Sep 2023
Kenya (%) 35.0 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
South Korea (%) 38.8 2023 yearly 1994 - 2023
Kosovo (%) 38.4 2022 yearly 2007 - 2022
Kuwait (%) 35.3 2022 yearly 2014 - 2022
Kyrgyzstan (%) 80.3 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Laos (%) 68.0 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Latvia (%) 98.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2000 - Dec 2023
Lebanon (%) 53.0 2020 yearly 2007 - 2020
Lithuania (%) 67.6 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Luxembourg (%) 4,521.9 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
North Macedonia (%) 83.7 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Malawi (%) 60.1 2021 yearly 2006 - 2021
Malaysia (%) 68.2 2023 yearly 2009 - 2023
Malta (%) 971.6 2022 yearly 2004 - 2022
Mauritius (%) 1,432.7 2022 yearly 2009 - 2022
Mexico (%) 39.7 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Moldova (%) 65.2 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Mongolia (%) 174.0 2023 yearly 1992 - 2023
Montenegro (%) 141.5 2022 yearly 2006 - 2022
Morocco (%) 50.9 2022 yearly 1970 - 2022
Mozambique (%) 71.7 2020 yearly 1985 - 2020
Myanmar (%) 16.7 2020 yearly 2018 - 2020
Nepal (%) 17.3 2016 yearly 2001 - 2016
Netherlands (%) 374.5 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
New Zealand (%) 85.0 2022 yearly 1993 - 2022
Nigeria (%) 8.9 2022 yearly 1985 - 2022
Norway (%) 152.5 2023 yearly 2003 - 2023
Pakistan (%) 37.2 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Palestinian Territory (%) 11.4 2022 yearly 2012 - 2022
Panama (%) 167.4 2021 yearly 2014 - 2021
Paraguay (%) 54.2 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Peru (%) 41.8 2022 yearly 1980 - 2022
Philippines (%) 28.7 2023 yearly 1990 - 2023
Poland (%) 53.0 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Portugal (%) 166.0 2022 yearly 1996 - 2022
Qatar (%) 106.1 2018 yearly 2000 - 2018
Romania (%) 52.2 2023 yearly 1995 - 2023
Russia (%) 16.3 2023 yearly 1993 - 2023
Serbia (%) 69.4 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Singapore (%) 361.1 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Slovakia (%) 103.1 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Slovenia (%) 90.9 2022 yearly 2001 - 2022
South Africa (%) 40.6 2022 yearly 1985 - 2022
Spain (%) 193.4 2021 yearly 1995 - 2021
Sri Lanka (%) 74.7 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Sudan (%) 202.2 2021 yearly 2001 - 2021
Sweden (%) 166.4 2023 yearly 1997 - 2023
Switzerland (%) 272.8 2022 yearly 1999 - 2022
Taiwan (%) 27.3 2023 yearly 1999 - 2023
Tajikistan (%) 37.7 2021 yearly 2000 - 2021
Thailand (%) 37.5 Sep 2023 quarterly Mar 2005 - Sep 2023
Tunisia (%) 92.1 2022 yearly 2002 - 2022
Turkey (%) 51.3 2022 yearly 1989 - 2022

Accurate Macro & Micro Economic Data You Can Trust

Explore the most complete set of 6.6 million time series covering more than 200 economies, 20 industries and 18 macroeconomic sectors.

Learn more about what we do

Pakistan Key Series

Buy Selected Data

Includes 212 key indicators for Pakistan, curated by CEIC analysts. Instant access to full history data in excel.
Government and Public Finance Last Frequency Range
Consolidated Fiscal Balance: % of GDP (%) -7.9 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Consolidated Fiscal Balance (USD mn) -29,641.346 2022 yearly 1991 - 2022
Tax Revenue (USD mn) 17,078.862 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2000 - Dec 2023
Tax Revenue: % of GDP (%) 5.8 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
Government Debt: % of GDP (%) 71.6 2022 yearly 2000 - 2022
Forecast: Government Expenditure (PKR bn) 29,450.360 2028 yearly 1993 - 2028
Forecast: Government Net Debt (PKR bn) 113,284.270 2028 yearly 1994 - 2028
Forecast: Government Revenue (PKR bn) 21,759.820 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
CG Revenue: ytd: Tax (PKR mn) 4,834,306.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2000 - Dec 2023
Consolidated Govt (CG) Revenue: ytd (PKR mn) 6,853,996.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2000 - Dec 2023
Consolidated Govt Revenue: Tax: Federal: Direct Tax (PKR mn) 2,280,470.000 2022 yearly 2016 - 2022
CG Expenditure: ytd: Current (PKR mn) 8,564,632.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2000 - Dec 2023
Consolidated Govt (CG) Expenditure: ytd (PKR mn) 9,261,764.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2000 - Dec 2023
Foreign Trade Last Frequency Range
Forecast: Exports of Goods Growth (%) 5.363 2028 yearly 1980 - 2028
Trade Balance (USD mn) -1,743.1 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1968 - Feb 2024
Total Exports (USD mn) 2,582.9 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1996 - Feb 2024
Total Exports Growth (%) 23.6 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1988 - Feb 2024
Aluminum: Exports (USD th) 43,709.814 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicament (USD th) 229,266.745 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Exports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 6,879.761 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Imports (USD mn) 4,326.0 Feb 2024 monthly Jan 1996 - Feb 2024
Total Imports Growth (%) 12.3 Feb 2024 monthly Dec 1988 - Feb 2024
Imports: Medicament (USD th) 322,961.887 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Imports: Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Product (USD th) 1,291,292.991 2022 yearly 1995 - 2022
Total Exports to USA (USD mn) 604.935 Dec 2021 monthly Jan 1969 - Dec 2021
Total Imports from USA (USD mn) 155.755 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2006 - Dec 2023
Total Exports to China (USD mn) 257.966 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2006 - Dec 2023
Total Imports from China (USD mn) 1,041.271 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 2006 - Dec 2023
Exports: Petroleum & Coal (PKR mn) 11.000 Feb 2024 monthly Sep 1999 - Feb 2024
Trade Balance: USD (USD mn) -3,192.00 Jul 2018 monthly Jan 1996 - Jul 2018
Balance of Payments Last Frequency Range
Direct Investment Abroad (USD mn) 14.0 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
Current Account Balance (USD mn) 198.0 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 1976 - Dec 2023
Current Account Balance: % of GDP (%) -0.7 2023 yearly 1977 - 2023
Foreign Direct Investment (USD mn) -173.2 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 1997 - Jan 2024
Foreign Direct Investment: % of GDP (%) 0.5 2023 yearly 1977 - 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment (USD mn) 63.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: % of GDP (%) -0.0 2022 yearly 2003 - 2022
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Equity Securities (USD mn) 63.0 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
Foreign Portfolio Investment: Debt Securities (USD mn) 0.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
External Debt (USD mn) 131,159.1 Dec 2023 quarterly Jun 2006 - Dec 2023
External Debt: % of GDP (%) 37.2 2023 yearly 2000 - 2023
External Debt: Short Term (USD mn) 2,766.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Jun 2006 - Dec 2023
External Debt: Short Term: % of GDP (%) 0.8 2023 yearly 2006 - 2023
Forecast: Current Account Balance (USD bn) -2.387 2023 yearly 1980 - 2023
Net International Investment Position (USD mn) -130,806.720 Jun 2023 quarterly Mar 2009 - Jun 2023
BoP: Dr: CA: GS: Goods (USD mn) 12,912.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Errors and Omissions (USD mn) -169.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Cr: Capital Account (CP) (USD mn) 48.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: Primary Income (PI) (USD mn) -2,145.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment: Assets (USD mn) 0.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment: Liabilities (USD mn) 62.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Account (FA) (USD mn) -690.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Other Investment (OI): Liabilities (USD mn) 279.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Goods (USD mn) -4,625.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Cr: CA: GS: Services (USD mn) 1,952.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Direct Investment: Assets (USD mn) 14.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Account (FA): Assets (USD mn) 2,942.000 Sep 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Sep 2023
BoP: FA: Other Investment (OI) (USD mn) -178.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Reserve Assets (RA) (USD mn) 527.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Portfolio Investment (USD mn) -62.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Financial Account (FA): Liabilities (USD mn) 4,314.000 Sep 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Sep 2023
BoP: FA: Financial Derivatives & Employee Stock Options (USD mn) 0.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Dr: CA: Primary Income (PI) (USD mn) 2,351.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Dr: CA: Secondary Income (USD mn) 105.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Credit: Current Account (CA) (USD mn) 18,149.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Cr: CA: GS: Goods (USD mn) 8,287.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Dr: Capital Account (CP) (USD mn) 0.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: Secondary Income (USD mn) 7,599.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Direct Investment (USD mn) -450.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Cr: CA: Primary Income (PI) (USD mn) 206.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: FA: Other Investment (OI): Assets (USD mn) 101.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Debit: Current Account (CA) (USD mn) 17,951.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Cr: CA: Secondary Income (USD mn) 7,704.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Capital Account (CP) (USD mn) 48.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: Dr: CA: GS: Services (USD mn) 2,583.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
BoP: CA: GS: Services (USD mn) -631.000 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2002 - Dec 2023
IIP: Assets (USD mn) 22,275.767 2022 yearly 2014 - 2022
International Investment Position (IIP): Net (USD mn) -133,472.727 2022 yearly 2014 - 2022
IIP: Liabilities (USD mn) 155,748.494 2022 yearly 2014 - 2022
External Debt: Private Sector (USD mn) 12,276.898 Dec 2023 quarterly Jun 2006 - Dec 2023
External Debt: Public (USD mn) 99,700.385 Dec 2023 quarterly Jun 2006 - Dec 2023
Workers' Remittances (USD mn) 2,249.765 Feb 2024 monthly Jul 1972 - Feb 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Hong Kong (USD mn) 15.974 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2001 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Outflow: United States (USD mn) 1.768 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2012 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Switzerland (USD mn) 1.208 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2001 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Outflow: U.A.E (USD mn) 1.558 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2012 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: United States (USD mn) 9.625 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2001 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Outflow: Saudi Arabia (USD mn) 1.379 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2012 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Italy (USD mn) 1.338 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2011 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Outflow: United Kingdom (USD mn) 0.660 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2012 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: Outflow: China (USD mn) 306.612 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2012 - Jan 2024
Foreign Investment: Direct Investment: United Kingdom (USD mn) 19.870 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 2001 - Jan 2024
Monetary Last Frequency Range
Non Performing Loans Ratio (%) 7.6 Dec 2023 quarterly Mar 2006 - Dec 2023
Non-Performing Loans (USD mn) 3,584.230 Dec 2023 quarterly Sep 2003 - Dec 2023
Money Supply M1 (USD mn) 38,761.644 Jan 2024 monthly Jul 1991 - Jan 2024
Money Supply M2 (USD mn) 116,827.767 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1988 - Dec 2023
M2 Growth (%) 17.8 Dec 2023 monthly Jan 1989 - Dec 2023
Reserve Requirement Ratio (%) 5.0 Feb 2024 monthly Jul 2006 - Feb 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves (USD mn) 11,992.2 Oct 2023 monthly Jan 1959 - Oct 2023
Foreign Exchange Reserves: % of GDP (%) 5.000 Feb 2024 monthly Jul 2006 - Feb 2024
Foreign Exchange Reserves: Months of Import (NA) 2.5 Oct 2023 monthly Jan 1996 - Oct 2023
Gold Reserves (USD mn) 4,269.363 Jan 2024 monthly Dec 1956 - Jan 2024
Total Deposits (USD mn) 97,391.375 2022 yearly 1997 - 2022
Total Deposits Growth (%) 8.8 2022 yearly 1998 - 2022
Domestic Credit (USD mn) 147,458.5 Jan 2024 monthly Jun 2008 - Jan 2024
Domestic Credit Growth (%) 18.7 Jan 2024 monthly Jun 2009 - Jan 2024
Total Loans (USD mn) 42,146.228 Jan 2024 monthly Sep 2007 - Jan 2024
Total Loans Growth (%) 3.62 Jan 2024 monthly Sep 2008 - Jan 2024
Private Debt: % of Nominal GDP (%) 9.41 2023 yearly 2005 - 2023
Money Supply M0: Reserve Money (PKR mn) 10,827,553.615 Jan 2024 monthly Jan 2005 - Jan 2024
ORA: Gold Including Gold Deposits and Gold Swapped (USD mn) 2,711.52 May 2018 monthly Oct 2003 - May 2018

More Indicators for Pakistan

Request a demo of CEIC

CEIC’s economic databases cover over 200 global markets. Our Platform offers the most reliable macroeconomic data and advanced analytical tools.

Request a demo
Please note, product demos are not available for students. Please click here to find out more about the version of CEIC available for student users.
Unlimited access tailored to your data needs
Flexible monthly access to CEIC data